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Isolated Wetlands

INTRODUCTION

What is an "isolated" wetland? What functions do "isolated" wetlands perform? The Association of State Wetland Managers has put together this list of literature to assist you in your efforts to answer these questions. Please let us know of any other studies related to this topic so that we may include them. Note that this bibliography is quite extensive. Some of these citations may have only a passing relevance to isolated wetlands, as a relatively small portion of these documents were reviewed before this posting. In an effort to aid your research we have broken the citations into cross-referenced subtopics. If you are an author of one of these documents and would like us to post the text please email us a copy in WordPerfect, Word, or AdobePDF format. We would like to thank everyone who helped put this list together, including: Ray Semlitsch, Paul Adamus and David Kallander.

James Robb
Applied Science Committee, Chair
Association of State Wetland Managers
(317)233-8802
jrobb@dem.state.in.us

TOPIC PAGE DISCLAIMER: Wetland Topic Pages are meant as a member only service. Please join us if you are not already a member.

INDEX:
Isolated Wetlands - General
Hydrology - General

Hydrology - Groundwater
Hydrology - Function
Water Quality and Chemistry
Remote Sensing, GIS, GPS
Prairie Lakes, Potholes, and Wetlands
Playas
Pocosins
Carolina Bays
Vernal Pools
Peatland
Flora
Amphibians
Fish
Waterfowl and Other Birds
Mammals
Biodiversity and Landscape Ecology
Economics
Legal-Regulatory - Policy
Status and Trends
Miscellaneous
New Additions (Added 9/7/05)


ISOLATED WETLANDS -- GENERAL

Comer P., K. Goodin, A. Tomaino, G. Hammerson, G. Kittel, S. Menard, C. Nordman, M. Pyne, M. Reid, L. Sneddon, and K. Snow. 2006. Biodiversity Values of Geographically Isolated Wetlands in the United States. NatureServe, Arlington, VA. http://www.natureserve.org/library/isolated_wetlands_05/isolated_wetlands.pdf

Gibbons, J.W. 2003. Terrestrial habitat: a vital component for herpetofauna of isolated wetlands. Wetlands. 23(3):630-635.


Golladay, S.W, Editor. 1998. Southeastern Seasonally Ponded Isolated Wetlands. J.W. Jones Ecological Research Center, Newton, GA. 22 pp.

Leibowitz, S.G. 2003. Isolated wetlands and their functions: an ecological perspective. Wetlands. 23(3):517-531.

Leibowitz, S.G. and T.L. Nadeau. 2003. Isolated wetlands: state-of-the-science and future directions.
Wetlands. 23(3):663-684.

Nadeau, T.L. and S.G. Leibowitz. 2003. Isoloated wetlands: an introduction to the special issue. Wetlands. 23(3):471-474.

Richardson, C.J. 2003. Pocosins: hydrologically isolated or integrated wetlands on the landscape? Wetlands. 23(3):563-576.


Semlitsch, R.D. 2000. Size does matter: The value of small isolated wetlands. The National Wetlands Newsletter (January-February), pp. 5-7, Environmental Law Institute, Washington, D.C.

Semlitsch, R.D. and J.R. Bodie. 1998. Are small, isolated wetlands expendable? Conservation Biology. 12(5):1128-1133.

Tiner, R.W. 2003. Estimated extent of geographically isolated wetlands in selected areas of the United States. Wetlands. 23(3):636-652

Tiner, R.W. 2003. Geographically isolated wetlands of the United States. Wetlands. 23(3):494-516.

Tiner, R.W., H. C. Bergquist, G. P. DeAlessio, and M. J. Starr. 2002. Geographically Isolated Wetlands: A Preliminary Assessment of their Characteristics and Status in Selected Areas of the United States. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Northeast Region, Hadley, MA. http://wetlands.fws.gov/Pubs_Reports/isolated/report.htm

Whigham, D.F. and T.E. Jordan. 2003. Isolated wetlands and water quality. Wetlands. 23(3):541-549.

Winter, T.C. and J.W. Labaugh. 2003. Hydrologic consideratioins in defining isolated wetlands.
Wetlands. 23(3):532-540.

Zedler, P.H. 2003. Vernal pools and the concept of "isolated wetlands." 2003. Wetlands. 23(3):597-607.

HYDROLOGY - GENERAL

Allred, E.R., P.W. Manson, G.M. Schwartz, P. Golany, and J.W. Reinke. 1971. Continuation of Studies on the Hydrology of Ponds and Small Lakes. Tech. Bull. 274. Agric. Exp. Stn., Univ. Minnesota, Minneapolis.

Arndt, J.L. and J.L. Richardson. 1986. The effects of ground water hydrology on salinity in a recharge -flowthrough-discharge wetland system in North Dakota. p. 269-278 In: G. Van der Kamp and M. Madunicky (eds.) Proc. 3rd Geohydrol. Conf., Saskatchewan Res. Council, Saskatoon.

Arndt, J.L. and J.L. Richardson. 1988. Hydrology, salinity and hydric soil development in a North Dakota prairie pothole wetland system. Wetlands. 8(4):93-108.

Bradof, K.L. 1992. Impact of Ditching and Road Construction on Red Lake Peatland. Pages 173-186 in: H.E. Wright, Jr., B.A. Coffin, and N.E. Anseng, Editors. The Patterned Peatlands of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN. 327 pp.

Bridgham, S.D. and C.J. Richardson. 1993. Hydrology and nutrient gradients in North Carolina Peatlands. Wetlands. 13(3):207-218.

Brooks, K.N. 1992. Surface Hydrology. Pages 153-162 in: H.E. Wright, Jr., B.A. Coffin, and N.E. Anseng, Editors. The Patterned Peatlands of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN. 327 pp.

Carter, Virginia. 1996. Wetland hydrology, water quality, and associated functions. In National Water Summary on Wetland Resources. Water-Supply Paper 2425. United States Geological Survey. Washington, DC. http://water.usgs.gov/nwsum/WSP2425/

Demissie, Misganaw, and Abdul Khan. 1993. Influence of Wetlands on Streamflow in Illinois, contract report 561. Prepared for the Illinois Department of Conservation. Illinois Department of Energy and Natural Resources.

Eisenlohr, W.S., Jr. 1966. Water loss from a natural pond through transpiration by hydrophytes. Water Resour. Res. 2:443-453.

Eisenlohr, W.S., Jr., C.E. Sloan, and J.B. Shieflo. 1972. Hydrologic investigations of prairie potholes in North Dakota, 1959-68. Prof. Pap. 585-A, U.S. Geol. Surv., Reston, Virginia. 102 p.

Euliss, N.H., Jr. and D.M. Mushet. 1996. Water-level fluctuations in wetlands as a function of landscape condition in the prairie pothole region. Wetlands. 16(4):587-593.

Fleishman, Jefrey, and Dan Meyers. August 2, 1993. Wetlands would have eased flood, experts say.@ The Seattle Times, p. A7

Gilliam, J.W. and R.W. Skaggs. 1981. Drainage and Agricultural Development: Effects on Drainage Waters. Pages 109-134 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Hanes, T. and L. Stromberg. 1998. Hydrology of Vernal Pools on Non-Volcanic Soils in the Sacramento Valley. Pages 38-49 in: C.W. Witham, Editor. Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Vernal Pool Ecosystems: Proceedings from a 1996 Conference, 19-21 June, 1996, Sacramento, CA. California Native Plant Society. Sacramento, CA. 285 pp.

Hill, A.R. and K.J. Devito. 1997. Hydrological-Chemical Interactions in Headwater Forest Wetlands. Pages 213-230 in: C.C. Trettin, M.F. Jurgensen, D.F. Grigal, M.R. Gale, and J.K. Jeglum, Editors. Northern Forested Wetlands: Ecology and Management. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 486 pp.

LaBaugh, J.W., T.C. Winter, and D.O. Rosenberry. 1998. Hydrologic functions of prairie wetlands. Great Plains Research. 8(1):17-37.

Lide, R.F., V.G. Meentemeyer, J.E. Pinder, and L.M. Beatty. 1995. Hydrology of a Carolina Bay located on the upper coastal plain of western South Carolina. Wetlands. 15(1):47-57.

Ludden, A.P., D.L. Frink, and D.H. Johnson. 1983. Water storage capacity of natural wetland depressions in the Devils Lake Basin of North Dakota. J. Soil and Water Conservation. 38:45-48.

Malo, D.D. 1975. Geomorphic, pedologic, and hydrologic interactions in a closed drainage system. PhD diss., North Dakota St. Univ., Fargo.

Matheney, R.K. and P.J. Gerla. 1996. Environmental isotopic evidence for the origins of ground and surface water in a prairie pothole discharge wetland. Wetlands. 16(2):109-120.

Moore, I.D. and C.L. Larson. 1980. Hydrologic impact of draining small depressional watersheds. J. Irrig. Drain. Div. 196 (IR4):345-363.

Moore, I.D. and C.L. Larson. 1979. Effects of Drainage Projects on Surface Runoff from Small Depressional Watersheds in the North-central region. Univ. Minnesota Water Resour. Res. Cent. Bull. 99. 225 p.

Mullican, W.F., III, N.D. Johns, and A.E. Fryar. 1997. What a Difference a Playa Can Make: Defining Recharge Scenarios, Rates, and Contaminant Transport to the Ogallala (High Plains) Aquifer. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 97-106. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa10.htm

Nomsen, D.E., K.F. Higgins, H.W. Browers, and B.J. Smith. 1986. Wetland drainage in association with Federal highways projected in the Prairie pothole region. South Dakota Coop. Fish and Wildl. Res. Unit, Brookings.

Ogawa, H. and J.W. Male. 1983. The Flood Mitigation Potential of Inland Wetlands. Water Resour. Res. Cen., Univ. Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts.

Richardson, C.J. and E.J. McCarthy. 1994. Effect of land development and forest management on hydrologic response in southeastern coastal wetlands: a review. Wetlands. 14(1):56-71.

Shjeflo, J.B. 1968. Evapotranspiration and the Water Budget of Prairie Potholes in North Dakota. Prof. Paper 585-B. U.S. Geol. Surv., Reston, Virginia.

Siegel, D.I. 1988. Evaluating cumulative effects of disturbance on the hydrologic function of bogs, fens, and mires. Environmental Management. 12(5):621-626.

Skaggs, R.W., J.W. Gilliam, and R.O. Evans. 1991. A computer simulation study of pocosin hydrology. Wetlands. 11 (Special Issue):399-416.

Sloan, C.E. 1972. Ground-water Hydrology of Prairie Potholes in North Dakota. Prof. Pap. 585-C. U.S. Geol. Surv., Washington, D.C.

Smith, B.J., H.W. Browers, T.E. Dahl, D.E. Nomsen, and K.F. Higgins. 1989. Indirect wetland drainage in association with federal highway projects in the prairie pothole region. Wetlands 9:27-39.

Sun, G., S.G. McNulty, J.P. Shepard, D.M. Amatya, H. Riekerk, N.B. Comerford, R.W. Skaggs, and L. Swift, Jr. 1999. Effects of Timber Management on Wetland Hydrology in the Eastern United States. National Council for Air and Stream Improvement. http://cypress.sgcp.ncsu.edu/newpub/finalreport.html

Thompson, D.B., A.J. Reed, and K. Rainwater. 1997. Calibration of STORM for Modeling Surface Runoff to Playa Lakes at the Pantex Plant. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 153-160. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa16.htm

United States Geological Survey (USGS). 1996. National Water Summary on Wetland Resources. Water-Supply Paper 2425. United States Geological Survey. Washington, DC. http://water.usgs.gov/nwsum/WSP2425/

Weinhold, C.E. and A.G. van der Valk. 1988. The impact of duration of drainage on the seed banks of northern prairie wetlands. Can. J. Bot. 67:1878-1884.

Winter, T.C. 1981. The Hydrology of Prairie Lakes and Wetlands. Pages 113-115 in: B. Richardson, Editor. Selected Proceedings of the Midwest Conference on Wetland Values and Management, June 17-19, 1981, St. Paul, MN. The Freshwater Society. St. Paul, MN. 660 pp.

Winter, T.C. 1989. Hydrologic Studies of Wetlands in the Northern Prairie. Pages 16-53 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Symposium on Northern Prairie Wetlands, November 1985, Jamestown, ND. Iowa State University. Ames, IA. 400 pp.

HYDROLOGY - GROUND WATER

Arndt, J.L. and J.L. Richardson. 1986. The effects of ground water hydrology on salinity in a recharge -flowthrough-discharge wetland system in North Dakota. p. 269-278 In: G. Van der Kamp and M. Madunicky (eds.) Proc. 3rd Geohydrol. Conf., Saskatchewan Res. Council, Saskatoon.

Barari, A., T. Cowman, and D. Iles. 1990. Groundwater recharge through till. North Dakota Acad. Sci. Proc. 44:41.

Carter, Virginia. 1996. Wetland hydrology, water quality, and associated functions. In National Water Summary on Wetland Resources. Water-Supply Paper 2425. United States Geological Survey. Washington, DC. http://water.usgs.gov/nwsum/WSP2425/

Felty, J.R., R.L. Moeller, R.G. Rekers, E.W. Huddleston, and D.M. Wells. 1972. Potential Pollution of the Ogallala by Recharging Playa Lake Water. In Proceedings of the Playa Lake Symposium, ed. C.C. Reeves, Jr., pp. 31-34. 29-30 Oct 1970, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. Publication no. 4, International Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Land Studies (ICASALS), Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. (12/11/98) http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text/playa4.htm

Kentula, Mary E. 1996. Wetland creation and restoration. In National Water Summary on Wetland Resources. Water-Supply Paper 2425. United States Geological Survey. Washington, DC. http://water.usgs.gov/nwsum/WSP2425/

Lissey, A. 1971. Depression-focused transient groundwater flow patterns in Manitoba. p. 333-341 In: Spec. Paper No. 9. Geol. Assoc. Can., St. Johns, Newfoundland.

Matheney, R.K. and P.J. Gerla. 1996. Environmental isotopic evidence for the origins of ground and surface water in a prairie pothole discharge wetland. Wetlands. 16(2):109-120.

Mortellaro, S., S. Krupa, L. Fink, and J. VanArman. 1995. Literature Review on the Effects of Groundwater Drawdown on Isolated Wetlands. Technical Publication 96-01. WRE #330. South Florida Water Management District. West Palm Beach, FL. 44 pp.

Peckham, D.S. and J.B. Ashworth. 1997. Current Status and Projection of Ground-water Reserves in the Texas High Plains Ogallala Aquifer. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 65-76. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa7.htm

Rainwater, K. and D.B. Thompson. 1997. Playa Lake Influence on Ground-Water Mounding in Lubbock, Texas. Playa In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 113-118. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa12.htm

Scanlon, B.R., R.S. Goldsmith, S.D. Hovorka, W.F. Mullican, III, and J. Xiang. 1997. Evidence for Focused Recharge Beneath Playas in the Southern High Plains, Texas.@ In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 87-96. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa9.htm

Siegel, D.I. 1992. Groundwater Hydrology. pp. 163-172 in: H.E. Wright Jr., B.A. Coffin, and N.E. Anseng, Editors. The Patterned Peatlands of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN.

Sloan, C.E. 1972. Ground-water Hydrology of Prairie Potholes in North Dakota. Prof. Pap. 585-C. U.S. Geol. Surv., Washington, D.C.

Starr, J.L. 1990. Spatial and temporal variation of ponded infiltration. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 54:629-636.

Stone, A.W. and A.J.L. Stone. 1994. Wetlands and Groundwater in the United States. American Groundwater Trust. Dublin Ohio. 100 pp.

van der Kamp, G. and M. Hayashi. 1998. The groundwater function of small wetlands in the semi-arid northern plains. Great Plains Research. 8(1):39-56.

Weeks, J.B. and E.D. Gutentag. 1984. The High Plains Regional Aquifer - Geohydrology.@ In Proceedings of the Ogallala Aquifer Symposium II, ed. G.A. Whetstone, pp. 6-25. 1984, Lubbock, Texas. Texas Tech University Water Resources Center, Lubbock, TX. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text84/toc.htm

Winter, T.C., J.W. Harvey, O.L. Franke, and W.M. Alley. 1999. Ground water and surface water. A single resource. U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1139. Denver, CO.

Winter, T.C. and D.O. Rosenberry. 1995. The interaction of ground water with prairie pothole wetlands in the Cottonwood Lake area, east central North Dakota, 1979-1990. Wetlands. 15(3):193-211.

Wood, W.W. and W.R. Osterkamp. 1984. Recharge to the Ogallala Aquifer from Playa Lake Basins on the Llano Estacado (An Outrageous Proposal?). In Proceedings of the Ogallala Aquifer Symposium II, ed. G.A. Whetstone, pp. 6-25. 1984, Lubbock, Texas. Texas Tech University Water Resources Center, Lubbock, TX. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text84/toc.htm

Wood, W.W. and W.E. Sanford. 1997. Recharge to the Ogallala: 60 Years after C.V. Theis's Analysis. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 23-34. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa3.htm

Wyatt, A.W. 1997. Historic Recharge. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 35-36. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa4.htm

Zartman, R.E., R.H. Ramsey, P.W. Evans, G. Koenig, C. Truby, and L. Kamara. 1997. Infiltration Studies of a Playa Lake. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 77-86. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa8.htm

HYDROLOGY-FUNCTION

Carter, Virginia. 1996. Wetland hydrology, water quality, and associated functions. In National Water Summary on Wetland Resources. Water-Supply Paper 2425. United States Geological Survey. Washington, DC. http://water.usgs.gov/nwsum/WSP2425/

Fleishman, Jefrey, and Dan Meyers. August 2, 1993. Wetlands would have eased flood, experts say. The Seattle Times, p. A7

Koenig, Robert L., December 26, 1993. How Much Can Wetlands Help? Post Dispatch Archives. Printed from http://archives.stlnet.com/archives .

Koenig, Robert L., September 9, 1993. Illinois Data Make Case for Wetlands' Worth as Sponge. Post Dispatch Archives. Printed from http://archives.stlnet.com/archives.

LaBaugh, J.W., T.C. Winter, and D.O. Rosenberry. 1998. Hydrologic functions of prairie wetlands. Great Plains Research. 8(1):17-37.

Leitch, J.A. and P. Fridgen. 1998. Functions and values of prairie wetlands: Economic realities. Great Plains Research. 8(1):157-168.

McAllister, L.S., B.E. Peniston, S.G. Leibowitz, B. Abbruzzese, and J.B. Hyman. 2000. A synoptic assessment for prioritizing wetland restoration efforts to optimize flood attenuation. Wetlands 20(1):70-83.

Miller, M.W., and T.D. Nudds. 1996. Prairie Landscape Change and Flooding in the Mississippi River Valley. Conservation Biology 10(3):847-853.

WATER QUALITY AND CHEMISTRY

Barica, J. 1978. Variability in ionic composition and phytoplankton biomass of saline eutrophic prairie lakes within a small geographic area. Arch. Hydrobiol. 81:304-326.

Cirmo, C.P. and C.T. Driscoll. 1993. Beaver Pond biogeochemistry: Acid neutralizing capacity generation in a headwater wetland. Wetlands. 13(4):277-292.

Craft, C.B. and W.P. Casey. 2000. Sediment and nutrient accumulation in floodplain and depressional freshwater wetlands of Georgia, USA. Wetlands 20(2):323-332.

Davis, C.B., J.L. Baker, A.G. van der Valk, and C.E. Beer. 1981. Prairie Pothole Marshes as Traps for Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Agricultural Runoff. Pages 153-163 in: B. Richardson, Editor. Selected Proceedings of the Midwest Conference on Wetland Values and Management, June 17-19, 1981, St. Paul, MN. The Freshwater Society. St. Paul, MN. 660 pp.

Goldsborough, L.G. and W.G. Crumpton. 1998. Distribution and environmental fate of pesticides in prairie wetlands. Great Plains Research. 8(1):73-95.

Grue, C.E., M.W. Tome, G.A. Swanson, S.M. Borthwick, and L.R. DeWeese. 1988. Agricultural chemicals and the quality of prairie pothole wetlands for adult and juvenile waterfowl: What are the concerns? p. 55-64 In: P.J. Stuber (coord.). Proc. Nat. Sympos. on the Protection of Wetlands from Agricultural Impacts. Biol. Rep. 88(16). U.S. Fish & Wildl. Serv., Fort Collins, Colorado.

Grue, C.E., M.W. Tome, T.A. Messmer, D.B. Henry, G.A. Swanson, and L.R. DeWeese. 1989. Agricultural chemicals and prairie pothole wetlands: Meeting the needs of the resource and the farmer, a U.S. perspective. Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf. 54:43-58.

Gurney, S.E., and G.G.C. Robinson. 1988. The influence of water level manipulation on metaphyton production in a temperate freshwater marsh. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 23:1032-1040.

Gurney, S.E., and G.G.C. Robinson. 1989. The influence of two triazine herbicides on the productivity, biomass, and community composition of freshwater marsh periphyton. Aquatic Botany 36:1-22.

Hamilton, P.B., G.S. Jackson, N.K. Kaushik, and K.R. Solomon. 1987. The impact of atrazine on lake periphyton communities, including carbon uptake dynamics using track autoradiography. Environmental Pollution 46:83-103.

Hill, A.R. and K.J. Devito. 1997. Hydrological-Chemical Interactions in Headwater Forest Wetlands. Pages 213-230 in: C.C. Trettin, M.F. Jurgensen, D.F. Grigal, M.R. Gale, and J.K. Jeglum, Editors. Northern Forested Wetlands: Ecology and Management. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 486 pp.

Kadlec, R.H. and R.L. Knight. 1996. Treatment Wetlands. Lewis Publishers, CRC Press, Inc., New York. 893 pp.

LaBaugh, J.W. 1989. Chemical Characteristics of Water in Northern Prairie Wetlands. Pages 56-90 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Northern Prairie Wetlands. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 400 pp.

Martin, D.B. and W.A. Hartman. 1984. Arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, and selenium in sediments of riverine and pothole wetlands of the north central United States. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 67:1141-1146.

Martin, D.B. and W.A. Hartman. 1987. Correlations between selected trace elements and organic matter and texture in sediments of northern prairie wetlands. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 70(5):916-919.

McReynolds, D. 1997. Ground-Water Quality Near Selected South Plains Feedlot Operations. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 175-186. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa18.htm

Murphy, T.P. and B.G. Brownlee. 1981. Ammonia volatilization in a hypertrophic prairie lake. Can. J. Fish. Aq. Sci. 38:1035-1039.

Neely, R.K. and J.L. Baker. 1989. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Dynamics and the Fate of Agricultural Runoff. Pages 93-131 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Symposium on Northern Prairie Wetlands. November 1985. Jamestown, ND. Iowa State University. Ames, IA. 400 pp.

Neill, C. 1990. Effects of nutrients and water levels on emergent macrophyte biomass in a prairie marsh. Can. J. Bot. 68:1007-1014.

Nelson, R.G. 1989. Seasonal abundance and life cycles of Chironomids in four prairie wetlands. PhD dissertation, North Dakota St. Univ., Fargo. 124 p.

Ramsey, R.H., III, R.E. Zartman, L.S. Buck, and A. Huang. 1997. Water Quality Studies in Selected Playas in the Southern High Plains.@ In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 127-136. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa14.htm

Stewart, B.A., S.J. Smith, A.N. Sharpley, J.W. Naney, T. McDonald, M.G. Hickey, and J.M. Sweeten. 1997. Nitrate and Other Nutrients Associated with Playa Storage of Feedlot Wastes. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 187-200. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa19.htm

Swanson, G.A., T.C. Winter, V.A. Adomaitis, and J.W. LaBaugh. 1988. Chemical Characteristics of Prairie Lakes in South-central North Dakota: Their Potential for Influencing Use by Fish and Wildlife. Fish and Wildl. Tech. Rep. 18. U.S. Fish & Wildl. Serv., Washington, D.C.

Sweeten, J.M. 1997. Water Quality Associated with Playa Basins Receiving Feedlot Runoff. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 161-174. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa17.htm

Tanner, G. W. and W. S. Terry. 1991. Water quality within lightly-grazed and protected isolated wetlands in South-Central Florida, USA. Soil and Crop Science Society of Florida Proceedings, 50: 80--84.

Walbridge, M.R. and C.J. Richardson. 1991. Water quality of pocosins and associated wetlands of the Carolina coastal plain. Wetlands. 11 (Special Issue):417-438.

Walbridge, M.R. and J.P. Struthers. 1993. Phosphorus retention in non-tidal palustrine forested wetlands of the Mid-Atlantic region. Wetlands. 13(2):84-94.

Williams, T.M. and G.R. Askew. 1988. Impact of Drainage and Site Conversion of Pocosin Lands on Water Quality. Pages 213-218 in: D.D. Hook and others, Editors. The Ecology And Management of Wetlands. Volume 2: Management, Use and Value of Wetlands. Timber Press, Portland, OR. 394 pp.

Williams, T.M. and G.R. Askew. 1989. Man-Caused and Natural Variations in Pocosin Water Quality. Pages 79-87 in: R.R. Sharitz and J.W. Gibbons, Editors. Freshwater Wetlands and Wildlife, March 24-27, 1986, Charleston, SC. U.S. Office of Health and Environmental Research, Office of Scientific and Technical Information. Washington, DC. 1265 pp.

Woodward, D. 1997. Role of Playa Lakes in the Design of the Southern High Plains National Water-Quality Assessment Study. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 255-266. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa26.htm

VanScoyoc, G.E. and E.J. Kladivko. 1989. Movement of Pesticides and Nutrients Into Tile Drainage Water. NTIS # PB90-129149/AS. Dept. Agronomy, Purdue Univ., Lafayette, Indiana. 89 p.

REMOTE SENSING, GIS, GPS

Cowardin, L.M., T.L. Shaffer, and P.M. Arnold. 1995. Evaluations of duck habitat and estimation of duck population sizes with a remote-sensing-based system. National Biological Service, Biological Science Report 2. http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/othrdata/duckhab/duckhab.htm (Version 16JUL97)

Fish, E.B., E.L. Atkinson, T.R. Mollhagen, C.H. Shanks, and C.M. Brenton. 1998. Playa Lakes Digital Database for the Texas Portion of the Playa Lakes Joint Venture Region. Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/gis/playa_gis.htm

PRAIRIE LAKES, POTHOLES AND WETLANDS

Adamus, P.R. 1992. A process for regional assessment of wetland risk: Prairie pothole region. EPA/600/R-92/249. Corvallis, OR: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory.

Adamus, P.R. 1996. Bioindicators for Assessing Ecological Integrity of Prairie Wetlands. EPA/600/R-96/082. USEPA Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis, OR.

Allan, R.J., J.D. Williams, S.R. Joshi, and W.F. Warwick. 1980. Historical changes and relationship to internal loading of sediment phosphorus forms in hypereutrophic prairie lakes. J. Envir. Qual. 9:199-206.

Armstrong, D.P., and T.D. Nudds. 1985. Factors influencing invertebrate size distributions in prairie potholes and implications for coexisting duck species. Freshwater Invertebrate Biology 4:41-47.

Arndt, J.L. and J.L. Richardson. 1988. Hydrology, salinity and hydric soil development in a North Dakota prairie pothole wetland system. Wetlands. 8(4):93-108.

Baird, D.J., T.E. Gates, and R.W. Davies. 1987. Oxygen conditions in two prairie pothole lakes during winter ice cover. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 44:1092-1095.

Barica, J. 1975. Collapses of algal blooms in prairie pothole lakes: Their mechanism and ecological impact. Internat. Ver. Theor. Angew. Limnol. Verh. 19:606-615.

Barica, J. 1978. Variability in ionic composition and phytoplankton biomass of saline eutrophic prairie lakes within a small geographic area. Arch. Hydrobiol. 81:304-326.

Barica, J. and J.A. Mathias. 1979. Oxygen depletion and winterkill risk in small prairie lakes under extended ice cover. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 36:980-986.

Bataille, K.J. and G.A. Baldassarre. 1993. Distribution and abundance of aquatic macroinvertebrates following drought in three prairie pothole wetlands. Wetlands. 13(4):260-269.

Batt, B.D.J., M.G. Anderson, C.D. Anderson, and F.D. Caswell. 1989. The Use of Prairie Potholes by North American Ducks. Pages 204-227 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Northern Prairie Wetlands. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 400 pp.

Bierhuizen, J.F.H. and E.E. Prepas. 1985. Relationship between nutrients, dominant ions, and phytoplankton standing crop in prairie saline lakes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42:1588-1594.

Borthwick, S.M. 1988. Impact of agricultural pesticides on aquatic invertebrates inhabiting prairie wetlands. M.S. thesis, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins.

Brownlee, B.G. and T.P Murphy. 1983. Nitrogen fixation and phosphorus turnover in a hypertrophic prairie lake. Can. J. Fish. Aq. Sci. 40:1853-1860.

Danielson, L.E. and J.A. Leitch. 1986. Private vs. public economics of prairie pothole allocation. J. Envir. Econ. Manage. 13:81-92.

Davis, C.B. and A.G. van der Valk. 1978. Litter Decomposition in Prairie Glacial Marshes. Pages 99-114 in: R.E. Good, D.F. Whigham, and R.L. Simpson, Editors. Freshwater Wetlands: Ecological Processes and Management Potential. Academic Press, New York, NY. 378 pp.

Davis, C.B., J.L. Baker, A.G. van der Valk, and C.E. Beer. 1981. Prairie Pothole Marshes as Traps for Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Agricultural Runoff. Pages 153-163 in: B. Richardson, Editor. Selected Proceedings of the Midwest Conference on Wetland Values and Management, June 17-19, 1981, St. Paul, MN. The Freshwater Society. St. Paul, MN. 660 pp.

Day, C. 1996. Biodiversity sleuths. Washington Wildlands Magazine (winter). Reprint, The Nature Conservancy of Washington. 4pp.Delphey, P.J. and J.J. Dinsmore. 1993. Breeding bird communities of recently restored and natural prairie potholes. Wetlands. 13(3):200-206.

Delphey, P.J., and J.J. Dinsmore. 1993. Breeding bird communities of recently restored and natural prairie potholes. Wetlands 13:200-206.

Deutschman, M.R. and J.J. Peterka.. 1988. Secondary production of tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) in three North Dakota prairie lakes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 45:691-697.

Crumpton, W.G. 1989. Algae in Northern Prairie Wetlands. Pages 188-203 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Northern Prairie Wetlands. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 400 pp.

Crumpton, W.G. and L.G. Goldsborough. 1998. Nitrogen transfer and fate in prairie wetlands. Great Plains Research. 8(1):57-72.

Dieter, C.D. 1991. Water turbidity in tilled and untilled prairie wetlands. J. Freshw. Ecol. 6:185-189.

Driver, E.A. 1977. Chironomid communities in small prairie ponds: some characteristics and controls. Freshw. Biol. 7:121-133.

Duebbert, H.F. and A.M. Frank. 1984. Value of prairie wetlands to duck broods. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 12:27-34.

Duffy, W.G. and C.S. Birkelo. 1993. Aquatic Invertebrate Production in Northern Prairie Wetlands (Abstract).@ Wetland Symposium: Prairie Eosystems: Wetland Ecology, Management and Restoration. Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center (Host), North Dakota Chapter of the Wildlife Society, North Dakota Chapter of the Soil and Water Conservation Society, North Dakota Game and Fish Department, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 3,6, and 8, Ducks Unlimited's Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research. http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/1998/wetsympo/wetsympo.htm

Dwyer, T.J., G.L. Krapu and D.M. Janke. 1979. Use of prairie pothole habitat by breeding mallards. J. Wildlife Manage. 43:526-531.

Eisenlohr, W.S., Jr., C.E. Sloan, and J.B. Shieflo. 1972. Hydrologic investigations of prairie potholes in North Dakota, 1959-68. Prof. Pap. 585-A, U.S. Geol. Surv., Reston, Virginia. 102 p.

Euliss, N.H., Jr. and D.M. Mushet. 1996. Water-level fluctuations in wetlands as a function of landscape condition in the prairie pothole region. Wetlands. 16(4):587-593.

Euliss, N.H., Jr., D.M. Mushet, and D.H. Johnson. 1993. Use of macroinvertebrates to identify and delineate temporary and seasonal wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region. Abstract in Prairie ecosystems: Wetland ecology, management, and restoration. Northern Prairie Science Center, Jamestown, ND.

Euliss, N.H., D.A. Wrubleski, and D.M. Mushet. 1999. Wetlands of the Prairie Pothole Region: Invertebrate Species Composition, Ecology, and Management. Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center. http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/1999/pothole/pothole.htm

Fritzell, E.K. 1989. Mammals in Prairie Wetlands. Pages 268-301 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Northern Prairie Wetlands. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 400 pp.

Galatowitsch, S.M. and A.G. van der Valk. 1994. Restoring Prairie Wetlands: An Ecological Approach. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA. 246 pp.

Gleason, R.A., and N.H. Euliss, Jr. 1998. Sedimentation of prairie wetlands. Great Plains Research. 8(1):97-112.

Goldsborough, L.G. and W.G. Crumpton. 1998. Distribution and environmental fate of pesticides in prairie wetlands. Great Plains Research. 8(1):73-95.

Greenwood, R.J., A.B. Sargeant, D.H. Johnson, L.M. Cowardin, and T.L. Shaffer. 1995. Factors associated with duck nest success in the Prairie Pothole Region of Canada. Wildlife Monographs No. 128.

Grue, C.E., M.W. Tome, G.A. Swanson, S.M. Borthwick, and L.R. DeWeese. 1988. Agricultural chemicals and the quality of prairie pothole wetlands for adult and juvenile waterfowl: What are the concerns? p. 55-64 In: P.J. Stuber (coord.). Proc. Nat. Sympos. on the Protection of Wetlands from Agricultural Impacts. Biol. Rep. 88(16). U.S. Fish & Wildl. Serv., Fort Collins, Colorado.

Grue, C.E., M.W. Tome, T.A. Messmer, D.B. Henry, G.A. Swanson, and L.R. DeWeese. 1989. Agricultural chemicals and prairie pothole wetlands: Meeting the needs of the resource and the farmer, a U.S. perspective. Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resour. Conf. 54:43-58.

Hadley, E.B., and R.P. Buccos. 1967. Plant community composition and net primary production within a native eastern North Dakota prairie. American Midland Naturalist 77:116-127.

Hanson, B.A., and M.G. Butler. 1990. Early responses of plankton and turbidity to biomanipulation in a shallow water prairie lake. Hydrobiologia 200/201:317-327.

Hanson, B.A., and G.A. Swanson. 1989. Coleoptera species inhabiting prairie wetlands of the Cottonwood Lake area, Stutsman County, North Dakota. The Prairie Naturalist 21(1):49-57.

Harris, S.W. 1954. An ecological study of the waterfowl of the potholes area, Grant County, Washington. .Amer. Midl. Nat. 52:403-432.

Hollands, G.G. 1989. Regional analysis of the creation and restoration of kettle and pothole wetlands. p. 287-304 In: J.A. Kusler and M.E. Kentula (eds.). Wetland Creation and Restoration: The Status of the Science. EPA/600/3-89/038.

Hubbard, D.E. 1988. Glaciated Prairie Wetland Functions and Values: A Synthesis of the Literature. Biological Report 88(43). United States Department of the Interior, United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, DC. 50 pp.

Hubbard, D.E. and R.L. Linder. 1986. Spring runoff retention in prairie pothole wetlands. J. Soil and Water Conservation. 41:122-125.

Johnson, B.T. 1986. Potential impact of selected agricultural chemical contaminants on a northern prairie wetland: a microcosm evaluation. Envir. Toxicol. Chem. 5:473-485.

Kantrud, H.A., G.L. Krapu, and G.A. Swanson. 1989. Prairie Basin Wetlands of the Dakotas: A Community Profile. Biological Report 85(7.28). United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center. Jamestown, ND. 111 pp.

Kantrud, H.A., J.B. Millar, and A.G. van der Valk. 1989. Vegetation of Wetlands of the Prairie Pothole Region. Pages 132-187 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Northern Prairie Wetlands. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 400 pp.

Klett, A.T., T.L. Shaffer, D.H. Johnson. 1988. Duck nest success in the prairie pothole region. J. Wildl. Manage. 52(3):431-440.

Krapu, G.L. In Press. Factors limiting mallard brood survival in prairie pothole wetlands. J. Wildlife Management. 20 pp.

Krapu, G.L. and H.F. Duebbert. 1989. Prairie Wetlands: Characteristics, Importance to Waterfowl, and Status. Pages 811-828 in: R.R. Sharitz and J.W. Gibbons, Editors. Freshwater Wetlands and Wildlife, March 24-27, 1986, Charleston, SC. U.S. Office of Health and Environmental Research, Office of Scientific and Technical Information. Washington, DC. 1265 pp.

Krapu, G.L., R.J. Greenwood, C.P. Dwyer, K.M. Kraft, and L.M. Cowardin. 1997. Wetland Use, Settling Patterns, and Recruitment in Mallards. Journal of Wildlife Management. 61(3):736-746. Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Home Page.http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/othrdata/wetlndus/wetlndus.htm

LaBaugh, J.W. 1989. Chemical Characteristics of Water in Northern Prairie Wetlands. Pages 56-90 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Northern Prairie Wetlands. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 400 pp.

Leibowitz, S.G. and K.C.Vining. 1999. Temporal connectivity as a Landscape Element: An example in the Prairie Pothole Region. Unpublished Manuscript. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Corvallis, OR. 42 pp.

Leitch, J.A. and P. Fridgen. 1998. Functions and values of prairie wetlands: Economic realities. Great Plains Research. 8(1):157-168.

Leitch, J.A. 1989. Politicoeconomic Overview of Prairie Potholes. Pages 2-14 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Northern Prairie Wetlands. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 400 pp.

Leitch, Jay A. and Brett Hovde. 1996. Empirical Valuation of Prairie Potholes: Five Case Studies. Great Plains Research 6 (Spring 1996):25-39.

Martin, D.B. and W.A. Hartman. 1984. Arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, and selenium in sediments of riverine and pothole wetlands of the north central United States. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 67:1141-1146.

Martin, D.B. and W.A. Hartman. 1987. The effect of cultivation on sediment composition and deposition in prairie pothole wetlands. Water, Air, and Soil Poll. 34:45-53.

Murkin, H.R. 1989. The Basis for Food Chains in Prairie Wetlands. Pages 316-338 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Northern Prairie Wetlands. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 400 pp.

Murkin, H.R. 1998. Freshwater functions and values of Prairie wetlands. Great Plains Research. 8(1):3-15.

Murkin, H.R. and J.A. Kadlec. 1986. Relationships between waterfowl and macroinvertebrate densities in a northern prairie marsh. J. Wildl. Manage. 50:212-217.

Murphy, T.P. and B.G. Brownlee. 1981. Ammonia volatilization in a hypertrophic prairie lake. Can. J. Fish. Aq. Sci. 38:1035-1039.

Payer, R.D. 1977. Estimate of production by a population of fathead minnows in a South Dakota prairie wetland. M.S. thesis, South Dakota St. Univ., Brookings.

Pederson, R.L. and L.M. Smith. 1988. Implications of wetland seed bank research: a review of Great Basin and Prairie marsh studies. p. 81-98 In: D.A. Wilcox (ed.). Interdisciplinary Approaches to Freshwater Research. Michigan St. Univ., East Lansing.

Peterka, J.J. 1989. Fishes in northern prairie wetlands. p. 302-315 In: A.G. van der Valk (ed.). Northern Prairie Wetlands. Iowa St. Univ. Press, Ames.

Poiani, K.A. and W.C. Carter. 1991. Global warming and prairie wetlands. BioScience 41:611-618.

Richardson, J.L. and J.L. Arndt. 1989. What use prairie potholes? J. Soil Water Conserv. 44:196-198.

Richardson, J.L., J.L. Arndt, and R.G. Eilers. 1991. Soils in three prairie pothole wetland systems. Soils Dept., North Dakota St. Univ., Fargo.

Robarts, R.D. and M.J. Waiser. 1998. Effects of atmospheric change and agriculture on the biogeochemistry and microbial ecology of prairie wetlands. Great Plains Research. 8(1):113-136.

Rose, C. and W.G. Crumpton. 1996. Effects of emergent macrophytes on dissolved oxygen dynamics in a prairie pothole wetland. Wetlands. 16(4):495-502.

Shjeflo, J.B. 1968. Evapotranspiration and the Water Budget of Prairie Potholes in North Dakota. Prof. Paper 585-B. U.S. Geol. Surv., Reston, Virginia.

James River. North Dakota Outdoors (August):10-14.

Simpson, K. and J.P. Kelsall. 1979. Capture and banding of adult great blue herons at Pender Harbour, British Columbia. Proc. 1978 Conf. Colonial Waterbird Group 2:71-78.

Sloan, C.E. 1972. Ground-water Hydrology of Prairie Potholes in North Dakota. Prof. Pap. 585-C. U.S. Geol. Surv., Washington, D.C.

Smith, A.G., J.H. Stoudt, and J.B. Gallop. 1964. Prairie potholes and marshes. p. 39-50 In: J.P. Linduska (ed.). Waterfowl Tomorrow. U.S. Fish & Wildl. Serv., Washington, D.C.

Smith, B.J., H.W. Browers, T.E. Dahl, D.E. Nomsen, and K.F. Higgins. 1989. Indirect wetland drainage in association with federal highway projects in the prairie pothole region. Wetlands 9:27-39.

Stewart, R.E. and H.A. Kantrud. 1971. Classification of Natural Ponds and Lakes in the Glaciated Prairie Region. Publ. 92. U.S. Fish & Wildl. Serv., Washington, D.C.

Stewart, R.E. and H.A. Kantrud. 1972. Vegetation of Prairie Potholes in North Dakota in Relation to Quality of Water and Other Environmental Factors. Prof. Pap. 585-D. U.S. Geol. Surv., Washington, D.C. 36 p.

U.S. Geologic Survey. 1998. The Prairie Pothole Joint Venture: Cultivating Cooperation for Wildlife and Agriculture. Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center. Printed from: www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/othrdata/cultcoop/copflood.htm

van der Valk, A, Editor. 1989. Northern Prairie Wetlands. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 400 pp.

van der Valk, A.G. and C.B. Davis. 1978. Primary Production of Prairie Glacial Marshes. Pages 21-38 in: R.E. Good, D.F. Whigham, and R.L. Simpson, Editors. Freshwater Wetlands: Ecological Processes and Management Potential. Academic Press, New York, NY. 378 pp.

Weinhold, C.E. and A.G. van der Valk. 1988. The impact of duration of drainage on the seed banks of northern prairie wetlands. Can. J. Bot. 67:1878-1884.

Wylynko, D., Editor. 1999. Prairie wetlands and carbon sequestration, assessing sinks under the Kyoto Protocol. International Institute for Sustainable Development, Winnepeg, Manitoba. 45 pp.

PLAYA

Ambrose, M., C. Betz, M.C. Long, and J. Kowis. 1997. Playas and State Agricultural Waste Management Regulations.@ In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 201-208. May 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa20.htm

Anderson, J.T. and L.M. Smith. 1998. Protein and energy production in playas: implications for migratory bird management. Wetlands. 18(3):437-446.

Barclay, J.S. and W.V. White, Editors. 1981. Proceedings of the Playa Lake Symposium. December 4-5, 1979, Arlington, Texas. FWS/OBS-81/07, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services, Washington, D.C. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text81/toc.html

Bell, A.E. and A.W. Sechrist. 1972. Playas, Southern High Plains of Texas. In Proceedings of the Playa Lake Symposium, ed. C.C. Reeves, Jr., pp. 35-40. 29-30 Oct 1970, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. Publication no. 4, International Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Land Studies (ICASALS), Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text/playa5.htm

Bergan, J.F. and L.M. Smith. 1993. Survival rates of female mallards wintering in the Playa Lakes Region. J. Wildlife Management. 57(3):570-577.

Bexfield, L.M. 1995. Hydrologic and Ecologic Influence of Playa Basins in the Southern High Plains, Texas, and New Mexico. Open-File Report 94-702-W. United States Geological Survey. Albuquerque, NM. 16 pp.

Bolen, E.G., L.M. Smith, and H.L. Schramm, Jr. 1989. Playa lakes: Prairie wetlands of the Southern High Plains. BioScience. 39(9):615-623.

Crenwelge, W.E. 1994. Playa Basin Pesticide Studies. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 225-228. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa22.htm

Dierauf, L.A. 1997. Wildlife in the Playas: Environmental Challenges and Solutions. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 245-254. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa25.htm

Doub, J. P. and J. Colberg. 1996. Delineation of Playa Features in the Western Great Basin. Wetland Journal 8(2) 8-14.

Fedler, C.B. and N.C. Parker. 1997. Integrated Waste Treatment Systems. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 209-224. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa21.htm

Felty, J.R., R.L. Moeller, R.G. Rekers, E.W. Huddleston, and D.M. Wells. 1972. Potential Pollution of the Ogallala by Recharging Playa Lake Water. In Proceedings of the Playa Lake Symposium, ed. C.C. Reeves, Jr., pp. 31-34. 29-30 Oct 1970, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. Publication no. 4, International Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Land Studies (ICASALS), Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text/playa4.htm

Fish, E.B., E.L. Atkinson, T.R. Mollhagen, C.H. Shanks, and C.M. Brenton. 1998. Playa Lakes Digital Database for the Texas Portion of the Playa Lakes Joint Venture Region. Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/gis/playa_gis.htm

Gray, P.N. and E.G. Bolen. 1987. Seed reserves in the tailwater pits of playa lakes in relation to waterfowl management. Wetlands, 7 (1):11-23.

Guthery, F.S. 1981. Playa Basins and Resident Wildlife in the Texas Panhandle. In Playa Lakes Symposium Proceedings, eds. J.S. Barclay and W.V. White, pp. 47-51. December 4-5, 1979, Arlington, Texas. FWS/OBS-81/07, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services, Washington, D.C. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text81/playa8.html

Haukos, D. 1997. Management Of Playas For Wildlife Enhancement. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 267-276. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa27.htm

Haukos, D.A. and L.M. Smith. 1993. Moist-soil management of playa lakes for migrating and wintering ducks. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 21(3):288-298.

Haukos, D.A. and L.M. Smith. 1994. The importance of playa wetlands to biodiversity of the Southern High Plains. Landscape and Urban Planning. 28 (1994):83-98.

Haukos, D.A. and L.M. Smith. 1996. Effects of moist-soil management on playa wetland soils. Wetlands. 16(2):143-149.

Haukos, D.A. and L.M. Smith. 2003. Past and future impacts of wetland regulations on playa ecology in the southern Great Plains. Wetlands. 23(3):577-589.

Iverson, G.C. and P.A. Vohs, Jr. 1981. Use of Playa Lakes by Sandhill Cranes in West Texas (Abstract). In Playa Lakes Symposium Proceedings, eds. J.S. Barclay and W.V. White, p. 46. December 4-5, 1979, Arlington, Texas. FWS/OBS-81/07, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services, Washington, D.C. Jain, S.and P.B. Moyle, Editors. 1984. Vernal Pools and Intermittent Streams. Symposium Sponsored by the Institute of Ecology, University of California. Davis, CA, May 9-10, 1981. Publication No. 28. Institute of Ecology, University of California. Davis CA. 280 pp. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text81/playa7.html

Lacewell, R.D. and S.M. Masud. 1997. Economic Value of Playas for Specific or Multiple Use. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 229-236. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa23.htm

Lehman, O.R. 1972. Water Quality for Groundwater Recharge and Use of Playas for Impoundment of Feed Yard Runoff. In Proceedings of the Playa Lake Symposium, ed. C.C. Reeves, Jr., pp. 25-30. 29-30 Oct 1970, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. Publication no. 4, International Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Land Studies (ICASALS), Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text/playa2.htm

McCarraherl, D.B. 1972. The Small Playa Lakes of Nebraska: Their Ecology, Fisheries, and Biological Potential. In Proceedings of the Playa Lake Symposium, ed. C.C. Reeves, Jr., pp. 15-24. 29-30 Oct 1970, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. Publication no. 4, International Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Land Studies (ICASALS), Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text/playa2.htm

Nelson, R.W., W.J. Logan, and E.C. Weller. 1983. Playa Wetlands and Wildlife on the Southern Great Plains: A Characterization of Habitat. FWS/OBS-83/28. United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior. Washington, DC. 163 pp.

Reeves, C.C., Jr, Editor. 1972. Proceedings of the Playa Lake Symposium. 29-30 Oct 1970, International Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Land Studies (ICASALS) and Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas. Publication no. 4, ICASALS, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text/playa-i.htm

Rowell, C.M. 1981. The Flora of Playa Lakes. In Playa Lakes Symposium Proceedings, eds. J.S. Barclay and W.V. White, pp.21-29. December 4-5, 1979, Arlington, Texas. FWS/OBS-81/07, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services, Washington, D.C. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text81/playa4.html

Traweek, M.S., Jr. 1981. An Introduction to the Aquatic Ecology of the Texas Panhandle Playas. In Playa Lakes Symposium Proceedings, eds. J.S. Barclay and W.V. White, pp. 30-34. December 4-5, 1979, Arlington, Texas. FWS/OBS-81/07, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services, Washington, D.C. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text81/playa6.html

Urban, L.V. and A.W. Wyatt. 1994. Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium. Texas Tech University Water Resources Center. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/toc.htm

POCOSINS

Ash, A.N., C.B. McDonald, E.S. Kane, and C.A. Pories. 1983. Natural and Modified Pocosins: Literature Synthesis and Management Options. FWS/OBS-83/04. United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Biological Services. Washington, DC. 156 pp.

Ashton, R.E., Jr. 1981. Interpretation of Pocosins in North Carolina: The State of the Art. Pages 183-188 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Brinson, M.M. 1991. Landscape properties of pocosins and associated wetlands. Wetlands. 11 (Special Issue):441-464.Brinson, M.M. 1993. AHydrogeomorphic Classification for Wetlands. Technical Report WRP-DE-4. U.S. Army Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station. Vicksburg, MS. 101 pp.

Brower, D.J. and N.D. Noneman. 1981. The Formulation of a Management Plan for Pocosins in Coastal North Carolina. Pages 318-333 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Christensen, N.L., R.B. Burchell, A. Liggett, and E.L. Simms. 1981. The Structure and Development of Pocosins Vegetation. Pages 43-60 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Daniel, C.C., 3rd. 1981. Hydrology, Geology, and Soils of Pocosins: A Comparison of Natural and Altered Systems. Pages 69-108 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Danielson, L.E., L.K. Gantt, and R.E. Noffsinger. 1988. Economic Incentives to Clear and Drain Pocosin Wetlands. Pages 791-800 in: W.L. Lyke and T.J. Hoban, Editors. AWRA Symposium on Coastal Water Resources, 1988, Wilmington, NC. American Water Resources Association. Bethesda, MD. 874 pp.

Kirkman, L.K., R.F. Lide, G. Wein, and R.R. Sharitz. 1996. Vegetation changes and land-use legacies of depression wetlands of the western coastal plain of South Carolina: 1951-1992. Wetlands, 16(4):564-576.

Laney, R.W. 1988. The Elimination of Isolated and Limited-flow Wetlands in North Carolina. Pages 243-253 in: W.L. Lyke and T.J. Hoban, Editors. AWRA Symposium on Coastal Water Resources, 1988, Wilmington, NC. American Water Resources Association. Bethesda, Md. 874 pp.

Moorhead, K.K. 1992. Wetland resources of coastal North Carolina. Wetlands. 12(3):184-191.

Richardson, C.J, Editor. 1981. Pocosin Wetlands. An Integrated Analysis of Coastal Plain Freshwater Bogs in North Carolina. Proceedings of a Conference on Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina. Beaufort, NC, January 3-4, 1980. Hutchinson Roth Publishing Co., Stroudsburg, PA. 364  pp.

Richardson, C.J. 1981. Pocosins: Ecosystem Processes and the Influence of Man on System Response. Pages 135-151 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Richardson, C.J. 1983. Pocosins: Vanishing wastelands or valuable wetlands. BioScience. 33(10):626-633.

Richardson, C.J. 1991. Pocosins: an ecological perspective. Wetlands. 11 (Special Issue):335-354.

Richardson, C.J., R. Evans, and D. Carr. 1981. Pocosins: An Ecosystem in Transition. Pages 3-19 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Richardson, C.J. and J.W. Gibbons. 1993. Pocosins, Carolina Bays, and Mountain Bogs. Pages 257-310 in: W.H. Martin, S.G. Boyce, and A.C. Echternacht, Editors. Biodiversity of the Southeastern United States. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY. 528 pp.

Roe, C.E. 1981. The Preservation of Pocosins: An Overview. Pages 189-195 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Sharitz, R.R. and J.W. Gibbons. 1982. The Ecology of Southeastern Shrub Bogs (Pocosins) and Carolina Bays: A Community Profile. FWS/OBS-82/04. United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Biological Services. Washington, DC. 93 pp.

Sharitz, R.R. and C.A. Gresham. 1998. Pocosins and Carolina Bays. Pages 243-377 in: M.G. Messina and W.H. Conner, Editors. Southern Forested Wetlands. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 616 pp.

Taggart, J.B. 1981. Pocosin Natural Areas in North Carolina. Pages 171-182 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Whigham, D.F. 1981. An Outside Perspective on the Pocosins Conference and Suggestions for Future Work. Pages 345-356 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Wilbur, H.M. 1981. Pocosin Fauna. Pages 62-68 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

CAROLINA BAYS

Bliley, D.J. and D.E. Pettry. 1979. Carolina Bays on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 43:558-564.

Burke, V.J. and J.W. Gibbons. 1995. Terrestrial buffer zones and wetland conservation: A case study of freshwater turtles in a Carolina Bay. Conservation Biology. 9:1365-1369.

Knight, R.L., J.S. Bays, and F.R. Richardson. 1989. Floral Composition, Soil Relations, and Hydrology of a Carolina Bay in South Carolina. Pages 219-234 in: R.R. Sharitz and J.W. Gibbons, Editors. Freshwater Wetlands and Wildlife, March 24-27, 1986, Charleston, SC. U.S. Office of Health and Environmental Research, Office of Scientific and Technical Information. Washington, DC. 1265 pp.

Ross, T.E. 1998. A Comprehensive Bibliography of the Carolina Bays Literature. http://abob.libs.uga.edu/obk/cbaybib.html

Schalles, J.F. 1989. Comparative Chemical Limnology of Carolina Bay Wetlands on the Upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina. Pages 89-111 in: R.R. Sharitz and J.W. Gibbons, Editors. Freshwater Wetlands and Wildlife, March 24-27, 1986, Charleston, SC. U.S. Office of Health and Environmental Research, Office of Scientific and Technical Information. Washington, DC. 1265 pp.

Schalles, J.F. and D.J. Shure. 1989. Hydrology, community structure, and productivity patterns of a distrophic Carolina Bay wetland. Ecological Monographs. 59:365-385.

Sharitz, R.R. 2003. Carolina bay wetlands: unique habitats of the southeastern United States. Wetlands. 23(3):550-562.

Sharitz, R.R. and J.W. Gibbons. 1982. The Ecology of Southeastern Shrub Bogs (Pocosins) and Carolina Bays: A Community Profile. FWS/OBS-82/04. United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Biological Services. Washington, DC. 93 pp.

Sharitz, R.R. and C.A. Gresham. 1998. Pocosins and Carolina Bays. Pages 243-377 in: M.G. Messina and W.H. Conner, Editors. Southern Forested Wetlands. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 616 pp.

Stolt, M.H. and M.C. Rabenhorst. 1987. Carolina Bays on the Eastern Shore of Maryland: II. Distribution and Origin. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 51:399-405.

Taylor, B.E., D.L. Mahoney, and R.A. Estes. 1989. Zooplankton Production in a Carolina Bay. Pages 425-435 in: R.R. Sharitz and J.W. Gibbons, Editors. Freshwater Wetlands and Wildlife, March 24-27, 1986, Charleston, SC. U.S. Office of Health and Environmental Research, Office of Scientific and Technical Information. Washington, DC. 1265 pp.

VERNAL POOL

U.S. Geological Survey. 1998. A Multiple Study of Vernal Pools: from Leaf Litter to Landscape Level. http://water.usgs.gov//wrri/97grants/ct97ner.htm

Bauder, E., D.A. Kreager, and S. McMillan. 1997. Vernal Pools of Southern California. Draft Recovery Plan Prepared for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 1. United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Portland, OR. 113 + pp.

Belk, D. 1998. Global Status and Trends in Ephemeral Pool Invertebrate Conservation: Implications for Californian Fairy Shrimp. Pages 147-150 in: C.W. Witham, Editor. Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Vernal Pool Ecosystems: Proceedings from a 1996 Conference, 19-21 June, 1996, Sacramento, CA. California Native Plant Society. Sacramento, CA. 285 pp.

Butterwick, M. 1998. The Hydrogeomorphic Approach and Its Use in Vernal Pool Functional Assessment. Pages 50-55 in: C.W. Witham, Editor. Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Vernal Pool Ecosystems: Proceedings from a 1996 Conference, 19-21 June, 1996, Sacramento, CA. California Native Plant Society. Sacramento, CA. 285 pp.

Ebert, T.A. and M.L. Balko. 1987. Temporary pools as islands in space and in time: The biota of vernal pools in San Diego, southern California. Arch. Hydrobiol. 110:101-123.

Hanes, T. and L. Stromberg. 1998. Hydrology of Vernal Pools on Non-Volcanic Soils in the Sacramento Valley. Pages 38-49 in: C.W. Witham, Editor. Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Vernal Pool Ecosystems: Proceedings from a 1996 Conference, 19-21 June, 1996, Sacramento, CA. California Native Plant Society. Sacramento, CA. 285 pp.

Holland, R.F. 1998. Changes in Great Valley vernal pool distribution from 1989 to 1997. Prepared for California Department of Fish and Game, Natural Heritage Division, Sacramento, CA. http://maphost.dfg.ca.gov/wetlands/vp_holland/report_index.htm

Interagency Vernal Pool Assessment Team. 1998. Preliminary Progress Report: Inventory and Assessment of Vernal Pool Habitats in California: A Quantitative Summary. California Department of Fish & Game, Wildlife and Habitat Data Analysis Branch, Wetlands Inventory and Conservation Unit, Sacramento, CA. http://maphost.dfg.ca.gov/wetlands/vp_prog_rept/vpprogfin3.698.htm

Keeley, J.E. and P.H. Zedler. 1998. Characterization and Global Distribution of Vernal Pools. Pages 1-14 in: C.W. Witham, Editor. Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Vernal Pool Ecosystems: Proceedings from a 1996 Conference, 19-21 June, 1996, Sacramento, CA. California Native Plant Society. Sacramento, CA. 285 pp.

Kenney, L. 1996. Student certification of Massachusetts vernal pools. Wetland Journal 8(1):4-7. Environmental Concern, Inc., St. Michaels, MD. http://www.wetland.org/vernal.htm

Kistner, D.H., D.G. Alexander, and H.R. Jacobson. 1995. Vernal Pool Creation and Restoration in Southern California: A Study Plan for Evaluation of Attainable Quality and Functional Performance. EPA/600/R-95/073. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory. Corvallis, OR. 82 pp.

Mead, D.L. 1998. Determination of Available Credits and Service Areas for ESA Vernal Pool Preservation Banks. Pages 274-282 in: C.W. Witham, Editor. Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Vernal Pool Ecosystems: Proceedings from a 1996 Conference, 19-21 June, 1996, Sacramento, CA. California Native Plant Society. Sacramento, CA. 285 pp.

McLachlan, A.J. 1985. What determines the species present in a rain-pool? Oikos 45:1-7.

San Joaquin County Resource Conservation District. 1998. Vernal pools: Their history and status in California's Central Valley. http://ceres.ca.gov/wetlands/ California Wetlands Information System, State of California, California Resources Agency, Sacramento, CA.

Thorne, R.F. 1984. Are California's Vernal Pools Unique? In Vernal Pools and Intermittent Streams Symposium, eds. S. Jain and P.B. Moyle, pp. 1-8. May 9-10, 1981, Davis, CA. Publication No. 28, Institute of Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA. 280 pp.

Vernal Pools: An Overview. Student Certification of Massachusetts Vernal Pools. http://www.wetland.org/vrnlsdbr.htm

Wiggins, G.B., R.J. Mackay, and I.M. Smith. 1980. Evolutionary and ecological strategies of animals in annual temporary pools. Arch. Hydrobiol./ Suppl. 58:97-206.

Witham, C.W, Editor. 1998. Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Vernal Pool Ecosystems: Proceedings from a 1996 Conference, June 19-21, 1996, Sacramento, California. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, CA. 285 pp.

Zedler, P.H. 1987. The Ecology of Southern California Vernal Pools: A Community Profile. Biological Report 85(7.11). United States Department of the Interior, United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, DC. 136 pp.

PEATLAND

Aaseng, N.E. and R.I. Djupstrom. 1992. Peatland Protection. Pages 301-315 in: H.E. Wright, Jr., B.A. Coffin, and N.E. Anseng, Editors. The Patterned Peatlands of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN. 327 pp.

Bradof, K.L. 1992. Impact of Ditching and Road Construction on Red Lake Peatland. Pages 173-186 in: H.E. Wright, Jr., B.A. Coffin, and N.E. Anseng, Editors. The Patterned Peatlands of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN. 327 pp.

Damman, W.H., T.W. French, and W.G. Duffy. 1987. Ecology of Peat Bogs of the Glaciated Northeastern United States. Biological Report 85 (7.16). United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wetlands Research Center. Washington, DC. 100 pp.

Gignac, L.D. 1994. Peatland species preferences: An overview of our current knowledge base. Wetlands. 14(3):216-222.

Glaser, P.H. 1987. The Ecology of Patterned Boreal Peatlands of Northern Minnesota: Community Profile. Biological Report 85 (7.14). United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Research and Development, National Wetlands Research Center. Washington, DC. 98 pp.

Glaser, P.H. 1992. Rare Vascular Plants. Pages 59-69 in: H.E. Wright, Jr., B.A. Coffin, and N.E. Anseng, Editors. The Patterned Peatlands of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN. 327 pp.

Gorham, E. 1994. The future of research in Canadian peatlands: a brief survey with particular reference to global change. Wetlands. 14(3):206-215.

Reader, R.J. 1978. Primary Production in Northern Bog Marshes. Pages 53-62 in: R.E. Good, D.F. Whigham, and R.L. Simpson, Editors. Freshwater Wetlands: Ecological Processes and Management Potential. Academic Press, New York, NY. 378 pp.

Swanson, D.K. and D.F. Grigal. 1991. Biomass, structure, and trophic environment of peatland vegetation in Minnesota. Wetlands. 11(2):279-302.

Wright, H.E., Jr., B.A. Coffin, and N.E. Anseng, Editors. 1992. The Patterned Peatlands of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN. 327 pp.

FLORA

Anderson, L.C. 1997. Inventory of Vascular Plants for the Isolated Wetland Monitoring Program (Surveys of June 1997). Final Summary Report. South Florida Water Management District. West Palm Beach, FL. 71 pp.

Beck, D.A., D.E. Hubbard, and K.F. Higgins. 1987. Effects of Haying on Seasonal Wetland Hydrophyte and Invertebrate Populations in South Dakota. Div. Wildl. Completion Report, PR W-75-R, Job 4, Study 7529, Pierre, 32 p.

Bridges, E.L. 1996. Inventory of Vascular Plants for the Isolated Wetlands Monitoring Program. South Florida Water Management District. West Palm Beach, FL. 46 pp.

de Jong, N. H. 2000. Woody plant restoration and natural regeneration in wet meadow at Coomonderry Swamp on the south coast of New South Wales. Marine and Freshwater Research, 51(1): 81--89.

Ewel. 1998. Pond cypress Swamps. Pages 405-420 in: M.G. Messina and W.H. Conner, Editors. Southern Forested Wetlands. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 616 pp.

Glaser, P.H. 1992. Rare Vascular Plants. Pages 59-69 in: H.E. Wright, Jr., B.A. Coffin, and N.E. Anseng, Editors. The Patterned Peatlands of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN. 327 pp.

Glime, J.M., A.L. Bachhuber, T.S. Barbour, and J.K. Marr. 1997. Inventory of the Bryophytes for the South Florida Water Management District's Isolated Wetlands Monitoring Program. Final Summary Report. South Florida Water Management District. West Palm Beach, FL. 23 pp.

Kirkman, L.K., P.C. Goebel, L. West, M.B. Drew, and B.J. Palik. 2000. Depressional wetland vegetation types: A question of plant community development. Wetlands 20(2):373-385.

Kirkman, L.K. and R.R. Sharitz. 1994. Vegetation disturbance and maintenance of diversity in intermittently flooded Carolina Bays in South Carolina. Ecological Applications. 4(1):177-188.

Lentz, K.A. and W.A. Dunson. 1999. Distinguishing characteristics of temporary pond habitat of endangered northeastern bulrush, Scirpus ancistrochaetus. Wetlands. 19(1):162-167.

Reader, R.J. 1978. Primary Production in Northern Bog Marshes. Pages 53-62 in: R.E. Good, D.F. Whigham, and R.L. Simpson, Editors. Freshwater Wetlands: Ecological Processes and Management Potential. Academic Press, New York, NY. 378 pp.

Smock, L.A. 1995. Characterization of Macroinvertebrate Communities in Isolated Wetlands of South Florida. South Florida Water Management District. West Palm Beach, FL. 32 pp.

Swanson, D.K. and D.F. Grigal. 1991. Biomass, structure, and trophic environment of peatland vegetation in Minnesota. Wetlands. 11(2):279-302.

AMPHIBIANS

Babbitt, Kimberly J. and George W. Tanner. 2000. Use of temporary wetlands by anurans in a hydrologically modified landscape. Wetlands, 20(2): 313--322.

Blaustein, A.R., D.B. Wake, and W.P. Sousa. 1994. Amphibian declines: Judging stability, persistence, and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinctions. Conservation Biology 8(1):60-71.

Bodie, R., and R.D. Semlitsch. 2000. Temporal and spatial use of floodplain habitats by lentic and lotic species of Aquatic turtles. Oecologia 122:138-146.

Dalton, R. 2000. YAs amphibians come under study.@ Nature 405:495-496.

Deutschman, M.R. and J.J. Peterka.. 1988. Secondary production of tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) in three North Dakota prairie lakes. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 45:691-697.

Dodd, C.K., Jr. 1992. Biological diversity of a temporary pond herpetofauna in north Florida sandhills. Biodiversity and Conservation. 1:125-142.

Dodd, C.K., Jr. 1995. Reptiles and Amphibians in the Endangered Longleaf Pine Ecosystem. In: La Roe, E.T., G.T. Ferris, C.E. Pucket, P.D. Doran, Editors. Our Living Resources: A Report to the Nation on the Distribution, Abundance, and Health of U.S. Plants, Animals and Ecosystems. National Biological Service, Washington DC. http://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/frame/d272.htm

Donnelly, M.A. 1997. A Preliminary Survey of Amphibians in Isolated Wetlands. Final Report submitted to the South Florida Water Management District. South Florida Water Management District. West Palm Beach, FL. 46 pp.

Doyle, R. 1998. Amphibians at risk. Scientific American 279(2):27

Gibbons, J.W. and R.D. Semlitsch. 1981. Terrestrial drift fences with pitfall traps: an effective technique for quantitative sampling of animal populations. Brimleyana. 7:1-16.

Hecnar, Stephen J. and Robert T. M'Closkey. 1996. Regional Dynamics and the Status of Amphibians. Ecology, 77(7): 2091--2097.

Russell, K. R., D. C. Guynn, Jr., and H. G. Hanlin. 2001. Importance of small isolated wetlands for herpetofaunal diversity in managed, young growth forests in the coastal plain of South Carolina. Forest Ecology and Management: In press.

Russell, K. R., D. H. Van Lear, and D. C. Guynn, Jr. 1999. Prescribed fire effects on herpetofauna: review and management implications. Wildlife Society Bulletin 27:374-384.

Russell, K. R., D. C. Guynn, Jr., H. G. Hanlin, T. B. Wigley. Responses of isolated wetland herpetofauna to upland forest management: results of stand-level manipulations.

Lehtinen, R.M., S.M. Galatowitsch, and J.R. Tester. 1999. Consequences of habitat loss and fragmentation for wetland amphibian assemblages. Wetlands, 19(1): 1--12.

Main, M.B., D.W. Ceilley, and P.A. Stansly. 1997. Inventory of Freshwater Fish: South Florida Water Management District Isolated Wetland Monitoring Program. Final Report. South Florida Water Manangement District. West Palm Beach, FL. 54 pp.

Marshall, Jeremy L. and Carlos D. Camp. 1995. Aspects of the feeding ecology of the little grass frog, Pseudacris ocularis (Anura: Hylidae). Brimleyana, 22: 1--7.

Richter, Klaus O. and Amanda L. Azous. 1995. Amphibian Occurrence and Wetland Characteristics in the Puget Sound Basin. Wetlands, 15(3): 305--312.

Semlitsch, R.D. 1998. Biological determination of terrestrial buffer zones for pond-breeding salamanders. Conservation Biology 12:1113-1119.

Semlitsch, R.D. 2000. Principles of management for aquatic breeding amphibians. J. Wildlife Management 64: 615-631.

Snodgrass, J.W., J.W. Ackerman, A.L. Bryan, Jr., and J. Burger. 1999. Influence of hydroperiod, isolation, and heterospecifics on the distribution of aquatic salamanders (Siren and Amphiuma) among depression wetlands. Copeia. 1999(1):107-113.

Snodgrass, J.W., A.L. Bryan, Jr., and J. Burger. In Press(a). Development of expectations of larval amphibian assemblage structure in southeastern depressional wetlands. Ecological Applications. 29 pp.

Snodgrass, J.W., M.J. Komoroski, A.L. Bryan, Jr., and J. Burger. In Press(c). Relationships among isolated wetland size, hydroperiod, and amphibian species richness: Implications for wetlands regulations. Conservation Biology. 16 pp.

FISH

Dunson, W.A., C.J. Paradise, and R.L. Van Fleet. 1997. Patterns of water chemistry and fish occurrence in wetlands of hydric pine flatwoods. J. Freshwater Ecology. 12(4):553-565.

Kraaii, J. 1997. Synopsis of Management Techniques for Improving Fisheries Recreation in Urban Playa Lakes. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 285-290. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa30.htm

Hart, R.and J.R. Newman. 1995. The Importance of Isolated Wetlands to Fish and Wildlife in Florida. Final Project Report. NG88-102. Nongame Wildlife Program, Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission. Tallahassee, FL. 145 pp.

Hoover, J.J. and K.J. Killgore. 1998. Fish Communities. Pages 237-260 in M.G. Messina and W.H. Conner, Editors. Southern Forested Wetlands: Ecology and Management. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 616 pp.

Magnuson, J.J., C.A. Paszkowski, F.J. Rahel, and W.M. Tonn. 1989. Fish Ecology in Severe Environments of Small Isolated Lakes in Northern Wisconsin. Pages 487-515 in: R.R. Sharitz and J.W. Gibbons, Editors. Freshwater Wetlands and Wildlife. U.S. Office of Health and Environmental Research, Office of Scientific and Technical Information. Washington, DC. 1265 pp.

Meffe, G.K. 1989. Fish Utilization of Springs and Ciéngas in the Arid Southwest. Pages 475-485 in: R.R. Sharitz and J.W. Gibbons, Editors. Freshwater Wetlands and Wildlife, March 24-27, 1986, Charleston, SC. U.S. Office of Health and Environmental Research, Office of Scientific and Technical Information. Washington, DC. 1265 pp.

Payer, R.D. 1977. Estimate of production by a population of fathead minnows in a South Dakota prairie wetland. M.S. thesis, South Dakota St. Univ., Brookings.

Peterka, J.J. 1989. Fishes in Northern Prairie Wetlands. Pages 302-315 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Northern Prairie Wetlands. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 400 pp.

Pezold, Frank. 1998. Fish Diversity in an Isolated Artificial Wetland. Journal of Freshwater Ecology, 13(2): 171--179.

Snodgrass, J.W. 1997. Temporal and spatial dynamics of beaver-created patches as influenced by management practices in a southeastern North American landscape. J. Applied Ecology. 34:1043-1056.

Snodgrass, J.W., A.L. Bryan, Jr., R.F. Lide, and G.M. Smith. 1996. Factors affecting the occurrence and structure of fish assemblages in isolated wetlands of the upper coastal plain, U.S.A. Canadian J. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 53:443-454.

Snodgrass, J.W. and G.K. Meffe. 1998. Influence of beavers on stream fish assemblages: effects of pond age and watershed position. Ecology. 79(3):928-942.

Snodgrass, J.W. and G.K. Meffe. 1999. Habitat use and temporal dynamics of blackwater stream fishes in and adjacent to beaver ponds. Copeia. 1999(3):628-639.

Snodgrass, J.W., C.H.Jagoe, A.L. Bryan, Jr., H.A. Brant, and J. Burger. In Press(b). Effects of trophic status and wetland morphology, hydroperiod, and water chemistry on mercury concentrations in fish. Canadian J. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 30 pp.

Snodgrass, J.W. 1999. Measurement of Colonization of a Carolina Bay by Fishes. Unpublished data presented at Wetland Bioremediation Conference, Salt Lake City, UT, November 1999. 5 pp.

WATERFOWL AND OTHER BIRDS

Bellanger, L. and R. Couture. 1988. Use of man-made ponds by dabbling duck broods. J. Wildl. Manage. 52:718-723.

Brown M. and J.J. Dinsmore. 1986. Implications of marsh size and isolation for marsh bird management. J. Wildlife Management. 50(3):392-397.

Cox, R.R., M.A. Hanson, C.C. Roy, N.H. Euliss, Jr., D.H. Johnson, and M.G. Butler. 1998. Mallard duckling growth and survival in relation to aquatic invertebrates. Journal of Wildlife Management 62(1): 124-133. Jamestown, ND: Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Home Page. http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/1998/aquaduck/aquaduck.htm

Davis, C.A. and L.M. Smith. 1998. Ecology and Management of Migrant Shorebirds in the Playa Lakes Region of Texas. The Wildlife Society, Bethesda, MD. 45 pp.

Duebbert, H.F. and A.M. Frank. 1984. Value of prairie wetlands to duck broods. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 12:27-34.

Dwyer, T.J., G.L. Krapu and D.M. Janke. 1979. Use of prairie pothole habitat by breeding mallards. J. Wildlife Manage. 43:526-531.

Ellis, D.H., G.F. Gee, and C.M. Mirande, Editors. 1998. Cranes: Their Biology, Husbandry, and Conservation. United States Department of the Interior, National Biological Service. http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/resshow/gee/cranbook/cranbook.htm

Gurney, S.E., and G.G.C. Robinson. 1989 Algal primary production. Pages 18-22 in E.J. Murkin and H.R. Murkin (eds.) Marsh Ecology Research Program: Long-term monitoring procedures manual. Tech. Bull. 2. Delta Waterfowl Research Station, Portage la Prairie, MB, Canada.

Hadley, E.B., and R.P. Buccos. 1967. Plant community composition and net primary production within a native eastern North Dakota prairie. American Midland Naturalist 77:116-127

Hammond, M.C. 1969. Notes on conducting waterfowl breeding population surveys in the north central states. Pages 238-254 in Saskatoon Wetlands Seminar. Rep. Ser. 6, Canadian Wildlife Service, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

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Nordstrom, L.H. and M.R. Ryan. 1996. Invertebrate abundance at occupied and potential piping plover nesting beaches: Great Plains alkali wetlands vs. the Great Lakes. Wetlands. 16(4):429-435.

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Smith, A.G., J.H. Stoudt, and J.B. Gallop. 1964. Prairie potholes and marshes. p. 39-50 In: J.P. Linduska (ed.). Waterfowl Tomorrow. U.S. Fish & Wildl. Serv., Washington, D.C.

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Stewart, R.E. and H.A. Kantrud. 1974. Breeding waterfowl populations in the prairie pothole region of North Dakota. Condor 76:70-79.

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MAMMALS

Berg, W.E. 1992. Large Mammals. Pages 73-84 in: H.E. Wright, Jr., B.A. Coffin, and N.E. Anseng, Editors. The Patterned Peatlands of Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN. 327 pp.

Hellgren, E.C., M.R. Vaughan, and D.F. Stauffer. 1991. Macrohabitat use by black bears in a southeastern wetland. J. Wildlife Management. 55(3):442-448.

Landers, J.L., R.J. Hamilton, A.S. Johnson, and R.L. Marchinton. Foods and habitat of black bears in southeastern North Carolina. Journal of Wildlife Management 43(1):143-153.

BIODIVERSITY AND LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY

Aho, J.M. 1978. Freshwater snail populations and the equilibrium theory of island biogeography. II. Relative importance of chemical and spatial variables. Annales Zool. Fenn. 15:155-164.

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Brown, M. and J.J. Dinsmore. 1988. Habitat islands and the equilibrium theory of island biogeography: Testing some predictions. Oecologia 75:426-429.

Chapin III, F.S., E.S. Zavaleta, V.T. Eviner, R.L. Naylor, P.M. Vitousek, H.L. Reynolds, D.U. Hooper, S. Lavorel, O.E. Sala, S.E. Hobbie, M.C. Mack, and S. Diaz. 2000. Consequences of changing biodiversity. Nature 405:234-242.

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Day, C. 1996. Biodiversity sleuths. Washington Wildlands Magazine (winter). Reprint, The Nature Conservancy of Washington. 4pp.Delphey, P.J. and J.J. Dinsmore. 1993. Breeding bird communities of recently restored and natural prairie potholes. Wetlands. 13(3):200-206.

Edwards, Adrienne L. and Sharitz, Rebecca R. 2000. Population genetics of two rare perennials in isolated wetlands: Sagittaria isoetiformis and S. teres (Alismataceae). American Journal of Botany, 87(8): 1147-1158.

Fleming, Anthony H. Origin and hydrogeologic significance of wetlands in the interlobate region of northwester Allen County, Indiana. Proc. Acad. Sci., 103(3-4): 147--166.

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Gaiser, Evelyn E. and Jeffry Johansen. 2000. Freshwater diatoms from Carolina bays and other isolated wetlands on the Atlantic Coastal Plain of South Carolina, U.S.A., with descriptions of seven taxa new to science. Diatom Research, 15(1): 75--130.

Gibbs, J.P. 1993. Importance of small wetlands for the persistence of local populations of wetland-associated animals. Wetlands. 13(1):25-31.

Gore, J.A., H.L. Griffith, III., and D.S. Addison. 1998. Inventory of Freshwater Macroinvertebrates in Hydric Pine Flatwoods for the District's Isolated Wetland Monitoring Program. South Florida Water Management District. West Palm Beach, FL. 21 pp.

Halvorson, C.H. 1984. Long-term monitoring of small vertegrates: A review with suggestions. Pages 11-25 in Research natural areas: Baseline monitoring and management. Proceedings of a symposium, Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-173. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Ogden, UT.

Hanski, I. and O. Ovaskainen. 2000. The metapopulation capacity of a fragmented landscape. Nature 404:755-758.

Hanson, B.A., and G.A. Swanson. 1989. Coleoptera species inhabiting prairie wetlands of the Cottonwood Lake area, Stutsman County, North Dakota. The Prairie Naturalist 21(1):49-57.

Harfenist, A., T. Power, K.L. Clark, and D.B. Peakall. 1989. A review and evaluation of the amphibian toxicological literature. Tech Rep. Series No. 61. Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

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Hiebeler, D. 2000. Populations on fragmented landscapes with spatially structured heterogeneities: Landscape generation and local dispersal. Ecology 81(6):1629-1641.

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Howlett, R. and R. Dhand. 2000. Nature Insight: Biodiversity. Nature 405:207.

Hyman, J.B. and S.G. Leibowitz. 2000. A general framework for prioritizing land units for ecological protection and restoration. Environmental Management 25(1):23-25.

Kirkman, L.K., M.B. Drew, L.T. West, and E.R. Blood. 1998. Ecotone characterization between upland longleaf pine/wiregrass stands and seasonally-ponded isolated wetlands. Wetlands. 18(3):346-361.

Kirkman, L. Katherine, P. Charles Goebel, Larry West, Mark B. Drew, and Brian J. Palik. 2000. Depressional wetland vegetation types: A question of plant community development. Wetlands, 20(2): 373--385.

Kirkman, L. K., S. W. Golladay, L. Laclaire and R. Sutter. 1999. Biodiversity in southeastern, seasonally ponded, isolated wetlands: Management and policy perspectives for research and conservation. Journal of the North American Bethological Society, 18(4): 553--562.

Kirkman, L.K. and R.R. Sharitz. 1994. Vegetation disturbance and maintenance of diversity in intermittently flooded Carolina Bays in South Carolina. Ecological Applications. 4(1):177-188.

Lehmkuhl, J.F., L.F. Ruggiero, and P.A. Hall. 1991. Landscape-scale patterns of forest fragmentation and wildlife richness and abundance in the Southern Washington Cascade Range. Pages 425-442 in: Wildlife and Vegetation of Unmanaged Douglas-Fir Forests. PNW-GTR-285, USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR.

Moler, P.E. and R. Franz. 1987. Wildlife Values of Small, Isolated Wetlands in the Southeastern Coastal Plain. Pages 234-241 in: R.R. Odom, K.A. Riddleberger, and J.C. Ozier, Editors. Proceedings of the Third Nongame and Endangered Wildlife Symposium, August 8-10, 1987, Athens, GA. Georgia Department of Natural Resources. Atlanta, GA. 253 pp.

Mortellaro, S. 1998. Inventory of Freshwater Biota: South Florida Water Management District's Isolated Wetlands Monitoring Program. Draft. South Florida Water Management District. West Palm Beach, FL. 12 pp.

Murdock, N.A. 1994. Rare and endangered plants and animals of southern Appalachian wetlands. Water, Air and Soil Pollution. 77:385-405.

Mahoney, D.L., M.A. Mort, and B.E. Taylor. 1990. Species richness of calanoid copepods, cladocerans, and other branchiopods in Carolina Bay temporary ponds. American Midland Naturalist. 123:244-258.

Martin, W.H., S.G. Boyce, and A.C. Echternacht, Editors. 1993. Biodiversity of the Southeastern United States. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY. 528 pp.

McCann, K.S. 2000. The diversity-stability debate. Nature 405:228-233.

Nature Conservancy, The. 2000. The Natural Heritage Network.

Patterson, J.H. 1976. The role of environmental heterogeneity in the regulation of duck populations. J. Wildl. Manage. 40:22-32.

Pearson, Scott M. 1994. Landscape-level processes and wetland conservation in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 77(3-4): 321--332.

Purvis, A. and A. Hector. 2000. Getting the measure of biodiversity. Nature 405:212-219.

Rosen, B. and S. Mortellaro. 1998. Inventory of Freshwater Algae for the South Florida Water Management District's Isolated Wetlands Monitoring Program. South Florida Water Management District. West Palm Beach, FL. 9 pp.

Russell, Kevin R. and Hugh G. Hanlin. 1999. Aspects of the ecology of worm snakes (Carphophis amoenus) associated with small isolated wetlands in South Carolina. Journal of Herpetology, 33(2): 339--344.

Schafale, M.P. and A.S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the Natural Communities of North Carolina: Third Approximation. Natural Heritage Program, Division of Parks and Recreation, Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources. Raleigh, NC. 325 pp.

Stansly, P.A., J.A. Gore, D.W. Ceilley, and M.B. Main. 1997. Inventory of Freshwater Macroinvertebrates for the South Florida Water Management District Isolated Wetland Monitoring Program. South Florida Water Management District. West Palm Beach, FL. 72 pp.

Tilman, D. 2000. Causes, consequences and ethics of biodiversity. Nature 405:208-211.

Weakley, A.S. and M.P. Schafale. 1994. Non-alluvial wetlands of the southern Blue Ridge: Diversity in a threatened ecosystem. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution. 77:359-383.

Wetlands International - Americas, North American Wetlands Conservation Council (Canada), International Institute for Sustainable Development, and Ducks Unlimited Canada. 1999. Wetlands and climate change phase 1, feasibility investigation on the potential for crediting wetland conservation as carbon sinks. 50 pp.

Wellborn, Gary A., David K. Skelly and Earl E. Werner. 1996. Mechanisms Creating Community Structure Across a Freshwater Habitat Gradient. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 27:337--363.

ECONOMICS

Baltezore, J.F., J.A. Leitch, and W.C. Nelson. 1987. Economic analysis of draining wetlands in Kidder County, North Dakota. Agric. Exp. Stn., North Dakota St. Univ., Fargo. 58 p.

Baltezore, J.F., J.A. Leitch, T. Golz, and A.K. Harmoning. 1987. Resident hunter and angler expenditures and characteristics in North Dakota in 1986. Rep.AE 87008, Dept. Agric. Econ., Agric. Exp. Stn., North Dakota St. Univ., Fargo.

Carlson, B. and C.R. Berry. 1990. Population Size and Economic Value of Aquatic Bait Species in Palustrine Wetlands of Eastern South Dakota. South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007. From A The Prairie Naturalist 22(2): 119-128.

Chamberlain, P. and E. Bolen. 1990. Marketing Opportunities for Waterfowl Lease-Fee Hunting. Conference Proceedings: Waterfowl and Wetland Management on Private Land. El Campo, Texas

Costanza, R., R. d'Arge, R. de Groot, S. Farber, M. Grasso, B. Hannon, K. Limburg, S. Naeem, R.V. O'Neill, J. Parulo, RG. Raskin, P. Sutton, and M. van den Belt. 1997. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature. 387:253-260.

Danielson, L.E., L.K. Gantt, and R.E. Noffsinger. 1988. Economic Incentives to Clear and Drain Pocosin Wetlands. Pages 791-800 in: W.L. Lyke and T.J. Hoban, Editors. AWRA Symposium on Coastal Water Resources, 1988, Wilmington, NC. American Water Resources Association. Bethesda, MD. 874 pp.

Danielson, L.E. and J.A. Leitch. 1986. Private vs. public economics of prairie pothole allocation. J. Envir. Econ. Manage. 13:81-92.

Fermata, Inc. 1998. Platte River Nature Recreation Study. The Economic Impact of Wildlife Watching on the Platte River in Nebraska

Fleishman, Jefrey, and Dan Meyers. August 2, 1993. Wetlands would have eased flood, experts say. The Seattle Times, p. A7

Heath, M.S., Jr. 1981. Political Economy of Alternative Management Strategies for Pocosins in North Carolina. Pages 305-317 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Hobaugh, W.C. Waterfowl Hunting Leases: Resources, Economics, and Benefits. 1990. Southeast Texas Wildlife Foundation, P.O. Box 666, Columbus, Texas 78934. Conference Proceedings: Waterfowl and Wetland Management on Private Land.

Hobaugh, William C. Ph.D. 1990. Waterfowl Hunting Leases: Resources, Economics,and Benefits from the proceedings of the conference Waterfowl and WetlandManagement on Private Land. September 14, 1990, El Campo, Texas. ( WilliamC. Hobaugh, Ph.D. General Manager, Southeast Texas Wildlife Foundation, P.O.Box 666, Columbus, Texas 78934)

Johnson, C.W. and R.L. Linder. 1986, An economic valuation of South Dakota wetlands as a recreation resource for resident hunters. Landscape Journal 5:33-38.

Kerlinger, P. The Economic Impact of Ecotourism on the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge Area 1993-1994. Cape May Bird Observatory/New Jersey Audubon Society. P.O. Box 3, Cape May Point, NJ 08212

Kerlinger, Paul. 19??. The Economic Impact of Birding Ecotourism on the Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge Area, California 1993-1994

Leitch, Jay A. and D.F. Scott. 1984. Improving wetland policy through amelioration of adverse effect on local economies. Water Resources Bulletin, 20:687-693.

Leitch, J.A. and P. Fridgen. 1998. Functions and values of prairie wetlands: Economic realities. Great Plains Research. 8(1):157-168.

Leitch, J.A. 1989. Politicoeconomic Overview of Prairie Potholes. Pages 2-14 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Northern Prairie Wetlands. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 400 pp.

Leitch, Jay A. and Brett Hovde. 1996. Empirical Valuation of Prairie Potholes: Five Case Studies. Great Plains Research 6 (Spring 1996):25-39.

Lingle, Gary R. 1992. History and Economic Impact of Crane-Watching in Central Nebraska. Platte River Whooping Crane Maintenance Trust, 2550 N. Diers Ave. Suite H, Grand Island, Nebraska 68807. From Proceedings of North American Crane Workshop 6.

Lilly, J.P. 1981. A History of Swamp Land Development in North Carolina. Pages 20-39 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Monschein, T.D. 1981. Values of Pocosins to Game and Fish Species in North Carolina. Pages 155-170 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Pearlstine, L.G., L.A. Brandt, F.J. Mazzotti, and W.M. Kitchens. 1997. Fragmentation of pine flatwood and marsh communities converted for ranching and citrus. Landscape and Urban Planning. 38:159-169.

Pavelis, G.A. 1987. Economic survey of farm drainage. In Farm Drainage in the United States, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Washington, D.C. pp. 110-136.

Postel, S.L. 1981. The Economic Benefits of Pocosin Preservation. Pages 283-302 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

Reddell, D.L. 1997. Miltipurpose Modification of Playa--Studies from the 1960's. In Proceedings of the Playa Basin Symposium, eds. L.V. Urban and A.W. Wyatt, pp. 37-52. May, 1994, Texas Tech. University, Lubbock, Texas. http://www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/text94/playa5.htm

Street, M.W. and J.D. McClees. 1981. North Carolina's Coastal Fishing Industry and the Influence of Coastal Alterations. Pages 238-251 in: C.J. Richardson, Editor. Pocosins: Proceedings of a Conference on the Alternative Uses of the Coastal Plain Freshwater Wetlands of North Carolina, January 3-4, 1980, Beaufort, NC. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company. Stroudsburg, PA. 364 pp.

U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. 1996 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation. Washington D.C. Issued November 1997.

United States Department of Energy (USDOE). 1999. Carbon Sequestration: State of the Science. Draft Report. United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Fossil Energy. Washington, DC.

LEGAL - REGULATORY - POLICY

Bedford, B.L. and K.S. Godwin. 2003. Fens of the United States: distribution, characteristics, and scientific connection versus legal isolation. Wetlands. 23(3):608-629.

Christie, J. and S. Hausmann. 2003. Variouis state reactions to the SWANCC decision.
Wetlands. 23(3):653-662.

Downing, D.M., C. Winer, and L.D. Wood. 2003. Navigating through clean water act jurisdictioin: a legal review.
Wetlands. 23(3):475-493.


Faber, Scott. 1996. On Borrowed Land: Public Policies for Floodplains. Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.

Holman, J. Blanding. 1995. After United v. Lopez: Can the Clean Water Act and the Endangered Species Act Survive the Commerce Clause Attack? Virginia Environmental Law Journal Association 15(139). www.lib.ttu.edu/playa/rights

Indiana Dept. of Environmental Management. IDEM Actions Related to SWANCC Supreme Court Decision. Memorandum from the Commissioner. April 11, 2001. http://www.state.in.us/idem/owm/planbr/401/swanccmemo.pdf

Johnson, S.M. 1993. Federal regulation of isolated wetlands. Environmental Law. 23(1):1-42.

A North Carolina -- The Pocosins and Other Freshwater Wetlands. The Impact of Federal Programs on Wetlands - Vol. II. http://www.doi.gov/oepc/wetlands2/v2ch16.html

Peek, T. and D. Wilson. 1981. Examining the Economic, Social, and Environmental Implications of Peatland Development. Pages 83-92 in: B. Richardson, Editor. Selected Proceedings of the Midwest Conference on Wetland Values and Management, June 17-19, 1981, St. Paul, MN. The Freshwater Society. St. Paul, MN. 660 pp.

Pelley, Janet. 1998. Federal court ruling puts protection of isolated wetlands at risk. Environ. Sci. Technol., 32(5).

Priolo, D.J. 1995. Section 404 of the Clean Water Act: The case for expansion of federal jurisdiction over isolated wetlands. Land and Water Law Review. 30(1):91-108.

Van der Valk, A.G. and R.L. Pederson. The SWANCC decision and its implications for prairie potholes. 2003. Wetlands. 23(3):590-596.

STATUS AND TRENDS

Dahl, T.E. 1990. Wetlands: Losses in the United States 1780's to 1980's. United States Department of the Interior: Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, DC. 21 pp. Jamestown, ND: Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Home Page. http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/othrdata/wetloss/wetloss.htm

Dahl, TE. 1999. South Carolina's wetlands - status and trends 1982 - 1989. US Department of the Interior; Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C. 58 pp. Dahl, T.E. and G. J. Allord. 1996. History of Wetlands in the Conterminous United States. Pages 19-26 in: National Water Summary on Wetland Resources. Water Supply Paper 2425. U.S. Geological Survey. Washington, D.C. 431 pp.

Dahl, TE and CE Johnson. 1991. Status and Trends of Wetlands in the Coterminous United States, Mid-1970's to Mid-1980's. US Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, DC. 28 pages.

Dahl, T.E. and S.C. Zoltai. 1997. Forested Northern Wetlands of North America. Pages 3-17 in: C.C. Trettin, M.F. Jurgensen, D.F. Grigal, M.R. Gale, and J.K. Jeglum, Editors. Northern Forested Wetlands: Ecology and Management. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 486 pp.

Feierabend, J.S. and J.M. Zelazny. 1987. Status Report on Our Nation's Wetlands. National Wildlife Federation. Washington, DC. 46 pp.

Fretwell, J.D., J.S. Williams, and P.J. Redman. 1997. National Water Summary on Wetland Resources. United States Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2425. http://water.usgs.gov/nwsum/WSP2425/

Hefner, J.M., and J.D. Brown. 1984. Wetland trends in the southeastern United States. Wetlands 4:1-11.

Hefner, JM, BO Wilson, TE Dahl, and WE Frayer. 1994. Southeast Wetlands Status and Trends, Mid-1970's to Mid-1980's. United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service, Southeast Region, Atlanta, Georgia and United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region IV, Atlanta, Georgia.

La Roe, E.T., G.T. Ferris, C.E. Pucket, and P.D. Doran, Editors. 1995. Our Living Resources: A Report to the Nation on the Distribution, Abundance, and Health of U.S. Plants, Animals and Ecosystems. National Biological Service, Washington DC. http://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/index.htm

Mac, M.J., P.A. Opler, C.E. Puckett Haeker, P.D. Doran, and L.S. Huckaby, Editors. 1997. Status and Trends of the Nation's Biological Resources. Volume 1. United States Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, DC. 964 pp.

Millar, J.B. 1989. Perspectives on the Status of Canadian Prairie Wetlands. Pages 829-852 in: R.R. Sharitz and J.W. Gibbons, Editors. Freshwater Wetlands and Wildlife. U.S. Office of Health and Environmental Research, Office of Scientific and Technical Information. Washington, DC. 1265 pp.

Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center. 1999. Northern Prairie Biological Resources. United States Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey. http://www.npsc.nbs.gov/resource/resource.htm

Novitzki, R.P., R.D. Smith, and J.D. Fretwell. 1996. Wetland Functions, Values, and Assessment. Pages 79-86 in: National Water Summary on Wetland Resources. Water Supply Paper 2425. U.S. Geological Survey. Washington, D.C. 431 pp.

Schafale, M.P. 1999. Nonriverine Hardwood Forests in North Carolina: Status and Trends. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program. http://ils.unc.edu/parkproject/nhp/publications/nrwhf.html

Shaw, S.P. and C.G. Fredine. 1956. Wetlands of the United States: Their Extent and their Value to Waterfowl and Other Wildlife. Circular 39. United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. Washington, DC. 67 pp.

Shepard, J.P., S.J. Brady, N.D. Cost, and C.G. Stoors. 1998. Classification and Inventory. Pages 3-28 in: M.G. Messina and W.H. Conner, Editors. Southern Forested Wetlands. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 616 pp.

Tiner, R.W. Jr. and J.T. Finn. 1986. Status and Recent Trends of Wetlands in Five Mid-Atlantic States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Newton Corner, MA and Philadelphia, PA respectively. 40 pp.

Tiner, RW, I Kenenski, T Nuerminger, DB Foulis, J Eaton, GS Smith, and WE Frayer. 1994. Recent wetland status and trends in the Chesapeake watershed (1982 to 1989): Technical report. US Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 5, Ecological Services, Hadley, MA. Cooperative interagency technical report prepared for the Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, MD. 70 pp. plus appendices.

MISCELLANEOUS

Budeau, D. and P. Snow. 1992. Wildlife Use of Agriculturally Disturbed Wetland Sites in the Willamette Valley, Oregon. Oregon Fish and Wildlife Dept., Corvallis, OR.

Gilliam, J.W. 1991. Wet soils in the North Carolina lower coastal plain. Wetlands. 11 (Special Issue):391-398.

LaBaugh, J.W., T.C. Winter, G.A. Swanson, D.O. Rosenberry, R.D. Nelson, and N.H. Euliss, Jr. 1996. Changes in atmospheric circulation patterns affect midcontinent wetlands sensitive to climate. Limnology and Oceanography. 41(5):864-870.

Laderman, A.D. 1989. The Ecology of Atlantic White Cedar Wetlands: A Community Profile. Biological Report 85(7.21). United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Research and Development, National Wetlands Research Center. Washington, DC. 114 pp.

Messina, M.G. and W.H. Conner, Editors. 1998. Southern Forested Wetlands. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 616 pp.

National Research Council (NRC). 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and Boundaries. National Research Council Committee on Characterization of Wetlands, Washington, DC. 307 pp.

Novacek, J.M. 1989. The Water and Wetland Resources of the Nebraska Sandhills. Pages 341-384 in: A. van der Valk, Editor. Symposium on Northern Prairie Wetlands, November 1985, Jamestown, ND. Iowa State University. Ames, IA. 400 pp.

Odom, R.R., K.A. Riddleberger, and J.C. Ozier, Editors. 1987. Proceedings of the Third Nongame and Endangered Wildlife Symposium. Athens, GA, August 8-10, 1987. Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Atlanta, GA. 253 pp.

Richardson, B., Editor. 1981. Selected Proceedings of the Midwest Conference on Wetland Values and Management, June 17-19, 1981, St. Paul, MN. The Freshwater Society, St. Paul, MN. 660 pp.

Roseberg, N.J., R.C. Izaurralde, and E.L. Malone. 1999. Carbon sequestration in soils: Science, monitoring, and beyond. Proceeding of the St. Michaels Workshop, December, 1998. Battelle Press, Columbus, Ohio. 199 pages.

Rossiter, J.A. and R.D. Crawford. 1981. Evaluation of Constructed Ponds as a Means of Replacing Natural Wetland Habitat Affected by Highway Projects in North Dakota. State Study (2)-79(A), Biol. Dept., Univ. North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota. 169 p.

Sharitz, R.R. and J.W. Gibbons, Editors. 1989. Freshwater Wetlands and Wildlife: Proceedings of a Symposium, March 24-27, 1986, Charleston, SC. United States Department of Energy, Office of Scientific and Technical Information, Washington, DC. 1265 pp.

Sutter, R.D. and R. Kral. 1994. The ecology, status, and conservation of two non-alluvial wetland communities in the South Atlantic and Eastern Gulf Coast plain, USA. Biological Conservation. 68:235-243.

Trettin, C.C., M.F. Jurgensen, D.F. Grigal, M.R. Gale, and J.K. Jeglum, Editors. 1997. Northern Forested Wetlands: Ecology and Management. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 486 pp.

Vince, S.W., S.R. Humphrey, and R.W. Simons. 1989. The Ecology of Hydric Hammocks: A Community Profile. Biological Report 85(7.26). United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Research and Development. Washington DC. 81 pp.

Ware, S., C. Frost, and P.D. Doerr. 1993. Southern Mixed Hardwood Forest: The Former Longleaf Pine Forest. Pages 447-493 in: W.H. Martin, S.G. Boyce, and A.C. Echternacht, Editors. Biodiversity of the Southeastern United States. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY. 528 pp.

Wiedner, R.K. and J.B. Yavitt. 1994. Peatlands and global climate change: Insights from comparative studies of sites situated along a latitudinal gradient. Wetlands. 14(3):229-238.

Williams, T.M. 1998. Hydrology. Pages 103-122 in: M.G. Messina and W.H. Conner, Editors. Southern Forested Wetlands. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 616 pp.

NEW ADDITIONS

Bohonak, AJ and DG Jenkins. 2003. Ecological and evolutionary significance of dispersal by freshwater invertebrates. Ecology Letters 6:783-796.

Jenkins, DG and AL Buikema, Jr. 1998. Do similar communities develop in similar sites? A test with zooplankton structure and function. Ecological Monographs 68:421-443.

Jenkins, DG, S Grissom, K Miller. 2003. Drainage of the tallgrass prairie and the consequences for microcrustacean biodiversity and metapopulations. Conservation Biology 17:158-167.


McCauley, LA and DG Jenkins. 2005. GIS-based estimates of former and current depressional wetlands in an agricultural landscape. Ecological Applications 15:1199-1208.

Nix, MH and DG Jenkins. 2000. Life history comparisons of Daphnia obtusa from temporary ponds and fed low-quality food. Aquatic Ecology 34:19-27.

Schwartz, SS and DG Jenkins. 2000. Temporary aquatic habitats: constraints and opportunities. Aquatic Ecology 34:3-8.

Stevens, PH and DG Jenkins. 2000. Small-scale spatial pattern analysis of crustacean community composition among temporary ponds. Aquatic Ecology 34:91-99.


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