This paper has been written for lawyers, regulators, planners and others implementing state and local wetland regulations. It describes legal issues and judicial reactions to state and local wetland regulations. It provides recommendations for avoiding legal problems. It is based, in part, on a 2003 survey of state and local wetland regulatory cases as well as the author's science and policy research with wetland, floodplain, and other regulation over a period of several years. Funding for the preparation of these materials was provided by the Wetlands Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Natural Resources Conservation Service. The opinions are those of the author and should not be attributed to sponsoring agencies.

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