Over the last couple weeks the consequences of sequestration and government cuts in spending are becoming apparent and they affect everyone. Benefits to people in need are being cut, airplane flights are being delayed or cancelled and national parks are opening late.  We all know that the federal government is spending more than it receives.  The nation will need to come to grips with what’s important to keep and what to cut.  In recent months the Association of State Wetland Managers and others engaged in protecting, conserving and restoring wetlands have become concerned that wetland maps might be considered expendable.

Currently the National Wetland Inventory Program is funded at around $5 million per year.  This includes the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services contribution to completing and update NWI maps (about 1% of the country per year), the national Status and Trends reporting on wetland acreage losses, and mapping for implementing the Coastal Barrier Resources Act.  The President’s 2014 budget supports continuing and even increasing the funding around $.5 million.

However, prior to the issuance of the President’s budget, there were efforts to nearly zero out the program within the administration.  Our take away message is that the wetland community as well as many others who depend on wetland maps have not done a good enough job documenting and communicating that wetland maps merit more, not less funding, and that it requires the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services’ participation to ensure that maps are completed, meet the federal wetland mapping standard and get added to the National Wetland Inventory.

So we are asking for your help.

The National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) and associated on-line wetland mapping tools provide decision support for managing the nation’s wetland resources.  NWI also helps states and communities manage flood hazards, address water quality problems, direct development away from sensitive areas, and prioritize wetland restoration projects.  It is used to support conservation of fish and wildlife of national significance such as migratory birds, threatened and endangered species, and fisheries, and to manage local, state, and federal lands such as the national refuges and the national forests.

If you use wetland maps in carrying out your work, please help us by answering the questions below and sending your response to me, Jeanne Christie at jeanne.christie@aswm.org . We will collect and share your stories.  In addition to supporting future NWI funding, describing the various uses of wetland maps will help practitioners around the country continue to improve program delivery since good wetland maps can lead to substantial time and cost savings in program management.

Please provide:

1. Project Name
2. Project Description
3. Who is Using the Data
4. What it is Used to Do
5. Consequences of not having wetland maps (NWI) as well as not having up to date wetland maps if applicable.
6. Cost and time savings if applicable
7. For more information (contact/website)

Individuals interested in discovering more about the National Wetlands Inventory and related GIS tools can visit wetland one-stop mapping at: http://www.aswm.org/wetland-science/wetlands-one-stop-mapping. Once again, please e-mail me at jeanne.christie@aswm.org.

Thank you very much!

Posted in mapping | Leave a comment

Wetlander's Pick of the Posts Editorial: Breaking rules, hurting environment

Tampa Bay Times – April 15, 2013
Regulators who break the rules cannot be trusted with enforcing them. The Florida Department of Environmental Protection broke the rules protecting the state’s wetlands to benefit a well-connected landowner, then punished the one employee who challenged her bosses on it and tried to do her job. Gov. Rick Scott should remove DEP Secretary Herschel Vinyard Jr. and at least one of his deputy secretaries, because Floridians can no longer trust the agency to protect the environment and fairly enforce the rules. http://www.tampabay.com/opinion/editorials/editorial-breaking-rules-hurting-environment/2115291

Posted in wetlands | Leave a comment

Views from the bog-o-sphereSecretary Vilsack Promotes Cover Crops, Local Foods, Contract Fairness during House Hearing

National Sustainable Agriculture Coalition – April 16, 2013
USDA Secretary Tom Vilsack testified before the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies today to discuss his agency’s FY 2014 budget requests.  The Subcommittee will consider USDA’s requests as it writes its funding bill for the year. For full blog post, click here.

Posted in agriculture | Leave a comment

As I write this, the forecast for Earth Day in mid-Michigan is for a mix of sun and showers.  Right now, it is all showers.  Saturated fields, localized flooding, and bank full cocoa-colored creeks –  all of this is good for groundwater recharge say the farmers.  True, but what do we do with the additional 1-3 inches of rain forecast for the next day or two, or storms with every increasing intensity projected for future years?  Will it be enough to sustain us through summer drought periods?



A large county drain running bank full through mint farms (historic wetlands) in Riley Township, MI on April 18, 2013


Flooding of the Looking Glass River in Watertown Township, MI on April 18, 2013.  During the summer, the river runs clear, and is appropriately named.

At the time of the first Earth Day back in 1970, the nation tackled rivers-on-fire levels of pollution, and set broad national goals for clean water.  Much has been accomplished.  Now, the challenge is to tampdown rising temperatures on a global scale, while adapting to somewhat unpredictable, but inevitable (at least for the near term) changes in everything related to water – flood, drought, habitat, drinking water supplies.  While optimism regarding our ability to address climate change successfully may be at a premium, many groups are out there rolling up their sleeves (or pant legs) and getting to work.

Anne Hokanson – Great Lakes Coastal Wetland Ecologist at the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) reported back from the National Adaptation Forum held earlier this month in Denver.  Anne contributed a poster presentation on Michigan’s Climate Change Adaptation Plan for Coastal and Inland Wetlands, which was developed jointly by ASWM and MDEQ with backing from Michigan’s Coastal Management Program.   The full plan was released in September of 2012, and is available here.

To view the poster, click here.

Anne reports that her poster display was received with interest by forum participants, especially by other state wetland programs.  Hopefully, others can successfully build upon Michigan’s approach.

I asked Anne about other general themes arising from the forum, and she noted the following:

  1. Many participants felt that while there has been a lot of planning across the country, relatively little has been done in the way of implementation.  While this is understandable given the breadth of climate change impacts on various sectors, participants are eager to put projects on the ground.
  2. In a sampling of presentations of on-the-ground implementation projects, Anne found that wetland restoration was a key element in virtually all of those that she attended.  Wetlands may not have been the focal point, but wetland restoration was a part of the plan to improve habitat, reduce erosion, provide flood storage, or to provide other functions.

Policy makers face considerable challenges in development of realistic and effective strategies for climate change mitigation and adaptation across multiple sectors of our society.  This is as true for wetland managers as for others concerned with climate change, and our ability to select priority projects, model outcomes, and improve the resiliency of wetland resources will no doubt improve with time.  But, as we celebrate this Earth Day – with or without rain gear – we can also celebrate our ability to act now to take reasonable, no regrets actions by restoring wetlands to meet multiple goals.

Posted in adaptation | Leave a comment

Views from the bog-o-sphereTar Sands Raw Deal: Arkansas Spill Is Another Reason to Say ‘No’ to Tar Sands Pipeline

By Robert Redford – Huffington Post – April 8, 2013When I see raw tar sands coursing through people’s yards and across wetlands, it makes me sick. My thoughts are with the people in Arkansas who are dealing with this river of toxic mess. And my thoughts instantly move ahead to what could happen to farms, families, homes, and wild areas across our country if we support expansion of tar sands with permits for pipelines such as Keystone XL. The answer seems clear, especially when we look at the graphic video footage from Arkansas: tar sands expansion rewards the oil industry while putting us all at risk of oil spills and climate change. That’s a raw deal by any calculation. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/robert-redford/arkansas-oil-spill-keystone-pipeline_b_3038269.html

Posted in tar sands | Leave a comment

Wetlander's Pick of the Posts New Jersey: State’s Top Court Curbs How Far DEP Can Go With Wetlands Inspections

By Tom Johnson – NJ Spotlight – April 5, 2013
How much latitude does the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection have to inspect for violations of the state’s freshwater wetlands protection law? Perhaps not as much as lawmakers envisioned when they enacted the law in 1987 during former Gov. Thomas Kean’s administration, a measure widely regarded by the environmental community as one of the signature achievements of his terms. In a unanimous decision yesterday the state Supreme Court upheld a ruling by the agency to impose a civil penalty of $4,500 on homeowners who improperly filled in wetlands on their property in Clinton Township in Hunterdon County. The court also ordered restoration of the impaired wetlands. http://www.njspotlight.com/stories/13/04/04/state-s-top-court-curbs-how-far-dep-can-go-with-wetlands-inspections/

Posted in wetlands | Tagged | Leave a comment

At the end of March the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency released a draft report on the quality of our nation’s rivers and streams.  The study found that 55% of the country’s rivers and streams do not support a healthy population of aquatic life and that the most common problem was too much nitrogen or phosphorus.  Any experienced home gardener knows that nitrogen and phosphorus are important nutrients and it is very common to add these to improve the growth of vegetables, flowers and grass.


The same is true for agricultural operations which often add large amounts of chemical fertilizers to grow crops.

Unfortunately what is good for terrestrial life is not good for aquatic life.  Excess nutrients have dramatic and sometimes catastrophic effects on aquatic food chains.  For example excessive levels of nitrogen can acidify freshwater systems, promote excessive plant life leading to eutrophication and shifts to pollution tolerant plants and animals, and accumulate in high enough concentrations to kill fish. (Harmful Effects of Nitrogen-Containing Fertilizers on Aquatic Systems)

The other major problem for rivers and streams is changes in land use along a stream.  Along thousands of miles of streams and rivers in the U.S. native, natural vegetation has been disturbed, removed or replaced.  The elimination of trees and native vegetation and the addition of impervious surfaces such as roads, parking lots, homes, businesses and agricultural crops reduce both natural habitat and the ability of water to soak into the land during rainstorms.  Instead the water rushes into nearby streams. The streams become flashier—subject to sudden changes and dramatic increases in flow. The changes in the volume of water encourage erosion which creates a host of other problems for the fish and other aquatic life that live in streams and rivers.

So what can people do?

If you own a house with a yard

1)   Plant trees and shrubs to catch and slow the rain

2)   Find other ways to keep water from running off your property

3)   Add plants that put nitrogen in your soil naturally so chemical fertilizers aren’t needed.  For example, you can add nitrogen fixing clover to your lawn mix to provide nitrogen. Clover is also drought tolerant, resists pet urine and grows in bad soil. This means that it will not be possible to use lawn herbicides which kill clover (which is why clover has been removed from many lawn mixes). But that’s probably a good thing. Peas and other legumes such as pea shrubs also fix nitrogen.

Whether or not you have a yard, it is still possible to work actively in your community to educate and encourage others to take advantage of these opportunities to reduce pollution.

In addition, a town or city can adopt zoning laws that protect smalls streams http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/05/0504_smallstreams.html and wetlands http://webspace.ship.edu/cjwolt/main/JSWC.pdf which are both very effective at removing nitrogen.

Finally, let your elected officials know you care.

If cleaner streams and rivers are important, don’t overlook any opportunity to let your elected officials know this issue is important to you. Write a letter. Schedule a meeting.  Comment on proposed legislation. Write an editorial for your local newspaper.

Protecting and restoring rivers and streams is something everyone can help make happen.

Take action today!

Additional Resources

Stream restoration strategies for reducing river nitrogen loads

Model Ordinances for Regulating Wetlands and Riparian Habitats/Stream Buffers

Wetland and Shore land Zoning Tools

A Local Ordinance to Protect Wetland Functions

Wetland and Stream Buffers:  A Review of the Science and Regulatory Approaches to Protection

Ordinances: Using Ordinances to Protect Local Natural Resources

Protecting Stream and River Corridors: Creating Effective Local Riparian Buffer Ordinances

Posted in plants, pollution, streams, wetland, wetland restoration | Tagged , , , , , , | Leave a comment

Wetlander's Pick of the Posts New Web Tool Helps Avoid Flooding by Finding Best Spots to Build Wetlands

Smithsonian Blog – April 5, 2013
In the aftermath of Superstorm Sandy last fall, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo joked to President Barack Obama that New York “has a 100-year flood every two years now.” On the heels of flooding from 2011′s Hurricane Irene and Tropical Storm Lee, it certainly seemed that way. Given that climate change has sparked multiple major storms and raised sea levels, and that urban and agricultural development have impeded our natural flood-management systems, chronic flooding could be here to stay. For full blog post, click here.

Posted in flooding | Leave a comment

Views from the bog-o-sphereBlocked Migration: Fish Ladders On U.S. Dams Are Not Effective

By John Waldman – Yale 360 Environment Blog – April 4, 2013
In most major rivers in the U.S., maintaining some semblance of the integrity of migratory fish runs past hydropower dams is dependent upon the fish using ladders and elevators as freely as do two-legged humans. But is this asking too much? For full blog post, click here.

Posted in Uncategorized | Leave a comment

Views from the bog-o-sphereWhen streamlining environmental review really means undermining it

By Holly Doremus – Legal Planet – April 2, 2013
The Senate Environment and Public Works Committee has unanimously endorsed S 601, the Water Resources Development Act of 2013. Although it’s nice to see some bipartisanship in the capitol — S 601 is co-sponsored by Committee chair Barbara Boxer (D-CA) and ranking minority member David Vitter (R-LA) — the bill as approved by the Committee would badly undermine environmental review of federally funded water projects under the guise of streamlining. http://legalplanet.wordpress.com/2013/04/02/when-streamlining-environmental-review-really-means-undermining-itntal-review/

Posted in Clean Water Act, environmental law, wetlands legal, wetlands regulation | Tagged , , , | Leave a comment